Nokea
A 15-month-old toddler was able to do all the following EXCEPT
- A. walks alone
- B. makes tower of 3 cubes
- C. inserts raisin in a bottle
- D. responds to his/her name
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Responding to name usually occurs earlier, around 6-9 months.
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Management of the foregoing patient should include:
- A. Regular diet with extra fruits and green vegetables
- B. Potassium-sparing diuretics
- C. Discontinuance of any oral magnesium salts
- D. All of the above measures
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The patient's symptoms of muscle weakness and fatigue are likely due to hypermagnesemia, which is an excess of magnesium in the blood. Hence, the management should include discontinuing any oral magnesium salts that the patient may be taking. This will help in correcting the magnesium imbalance and improving the patient's symptoms. Regular diet modifications and potassium-sparing diuretics are not indicated for the treatment of hypermagnesemia and may not address the underlying cause in this case.
The nurse has been teaching an adult who has iron deficiency anemia about those foods that she needs to include in her meal plans. Which of the following, if selected, would indicate to the nurse that the client understands the dietary instructions?
- A. Citrus fruits and green leafy vegetables
- B. Bananas and nuts
- C. Coffee and tea
- D. Dairy products
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Citrus fruits and green leafy vegetables are good sources of vitamin C and non-heme iron, which can help improve iron absorption in individuals with iron deficiency anemia. Bananas and nuts do not have a direct impact on iron absorption. Coffee and tea contain compounds that can inhibit iron absorption. Dairy products, while an important part of a balanced diet, do not specifically aid in improving iron levels. Thus, selecting citrus fruits and green leafy vegetables indicates that the client understands the dietary instructions provided by the nurse to manage iron deficiency anemia.
Which is most suggestive that a nurse has a nontherapeutic relationship with a patient and family?
- A. Staff is concerned about the nurse's actions with the patient and family.
- B. Staff assignments allow the nurse to care for same patient and family over an extended time.
- C. Nurse is able to withdraw emotionally when emotional overload occurs but still remains committed.
- D. Nurse uses teaching skills to instruct patient and family rather than doing everything for them.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Option A is the most suggestive that a nurse has a nontherapeutic relationship with a patient and family because when the staff is concerned about the nurse's actions with the patient and family, it indicates that there may be issues or red flags in the nurse's interactions. This could imply that the nurse's behavior is not promoting a positive, therapeutic relationship with the patient and family, which is crucial for effective care delivery. Staff concerns may arise due to behaviors that are inappropriate, unprofessional, or lacking empathy, which can hinder the development of a therapeutic relationship and affect the quality of care provided.
The BEST statement describing the implication of a 6-month-old boy 'transferring object to hand' is
- A. visuomotor coordination
- B. comparison ability
- C. voluntary release of objects
- D. increasing autonomy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Transferring objects between hands indicates developing visuomotor coordination.
Because of the significant association of lead intoxication with poverty, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends blood lead screening at
- A. 6 and 12 months
- B. 12 and 24 months
- C. 24 and 36 months
- D. 36 and 48 months
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Blood lead screening is recommended at 12 and 24 months.