Nokea
A 20-year-old patient with a massive head injury is on life support, including a ventilator to maintain respirations. What three criteria for brain death are necessary to discontinue life support?
- A. Irreversible cessation of all brain functions.
- B. Absence of brainstem reflexes.
- C. No spontaneous respirations.
- D. Fear of pain
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Brain death is confirmed when there is irreversible cessation of all brain functions, absence of brainstem reflexes, and no spontaneous respirations, meeting legal and medical criteria for death.
You may also like to solve these questions
Patients with a paralytic ileus typically have
- A. Intravenous fluid replacement and a nasogastric tube connected to suction.
- B. Surgical correction of the problem.
- C. Endoscopic injection of botulinum toxin or esophageal dilation.
- D. Endoscopy to allow biopsy followed with broad-spectrum antibiotics.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Paralytic ileus requires decompression of the gastrointestinal tract.
Priority Decision: When the nurse asks a preoperative patient about allergies, the patient reports a history of seasonal environmental allergies and allergies to a variety of fruits. What should the nurse do next?
- A. Note this information in the patient's record as hay fever and food allergies.
- B. Place an allergy alert wristband that identifies the specific allergies on the patient.
- C. Ask the patient to describe the nature and severity of any allergic responses experienced from these agents.
- D. Notify the anesthesia care provider (ACP) because the patient may have an increased risk for allergies to anesthetics.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Understanding the nature and severity of allergies helps in planning appropriate perioperative care and avoiding potential allergens.
Joan is diagnosed with a ruptured aneurysm. She wonders why this was not picked up in her annual physical. You respond by saying
- A. The physician must have misread the x-ray.
- B. The aneurysm must have developed since the physical.
- C. Aneurysms are often asymptomatic.
- D. Do not be too concerned because this happens all the time.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Aneurysms can develop silently without noticeable symptoms.
Why may it pose a challenge to supplement or restrict dietary consumption when providing health-related education to clients from culturally diverse populations?
- A. Cultural beliefs about food may conflict with dietary recommendations.
- B. Clients may prefer traditional healers over modern medicine.
- C. Language barriers may hinder understanding.
- D. All of the above.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Cultural beliefs significantly influence dietary habits, requiring sensitivity and adaptation in health education.
A client was exposed to anthrax. Which of the following antibiotics should the nurse plan to administer?
- A. Ciprofloxacin
- B. Fluconazole
- C. Tobramycin
- D. Vancomycin
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Ciprofloxacin. Anthrax is caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis, and ciprofloxacin is the recommended antibiotic for treating anthrax due to its effectiveness against this specific bacterium. Ciprofloxacin works by inhibiting bacterial DNA replication, thus stopping the growth and spread of the anthrax bacteria.
The other choices are incorrect because:
B: Fluconazole is an antifungal medication and is not effective against bacterial infections like anthrax.
C: Tobramycin is an antibiotic primarily used to treat bacterial infections in the eyes, ears, and skin, but it is not the first-line treatment for anthrax.
D: Vancomycin is an antibiotic used to treat certain bacterial infections, but it is not the preferred choice for anthrax treatment.