Nokea
A 21-year-old college student has come to see the nurse practitioner for treatment of a vaginal infection. Physical assessment reveals inflammation of the vagina and vulva, and vaginal discharge has a cottage cheese appearance. With what are these findings consistent?
- A. Candidiasis
- B. Trichomoniasis
- C. Bacterial vaginosis
- D. Chlamydia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The signs and symptoms of candidiasis include inflammation of the vagina and vulva and a cottage cheese appearance to the vaginal discharge.
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In the week before her menstrual period, a woman experiences irritability, anxiety, and difficulty concentrating. What remedy might the nurse suggest to relieve these symptoms?
- A. Drink tea or hot chocolate before going to bed.
- B. Take a daily folic acid and vitamin C supplement.
- C. Include complex carbohydrates and fiber in the diet.
- D. Avoid exercise when symptoms occur.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A diet rich in complex carbohydrates and fiber is recommended for premenstrual dysmorphic disorder.
What is the nurse's best response to a mother who is voicing concern about the molding of her 2-day-old infant?
- A. Molding doesn't cause any problems. Don't worry about it.'
- B. Did you deliver vaginally or by cesarean section?'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Molding is a common occurrence in vaginal deliveries due to the head passing through the birth canal. Asking about the delivery method helps assess whether molding is expected and provides an opportunity to reassure the mother that it typically resolves without complications.
A 48-year-old woman tells the nurse, 'I missed my period last month. Am I in menopause?' The nurse knows that at which point is a woman considered to be menopausal?
- A. Her periods have stopped for 1 year.
- B. Her periods have been irregular and light for 12 months.
- C. She has symptoms of vasomotor instability.
- D. She experiences symptoms of decreased estrogen, such as dyspareunia.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When a woman's menstrual periods have stopped for 1 year, she is considered menopausal.
The nurse is planning to teach a woman about perimenopause. What would the nurse include regarding lowered estrogen level?
- A. It prevents osteoporosis.
- B. It decreases vaginal lubrication.
- C. It raises the level of low-density lipoproteins.
- D. It raises the level of high-density lipoproteins.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Estrogen increases the amount of high-density lipoproteins that carry cholesterol from body cells to the liver for excretion. With lowered levels of estrogen, low-density lipoproteins increase, causing an increase in the incidence of heart attacks and strokes.
The nurse is educating a woman diagnosed with premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). What is the best type of diet for the nurse to recommend?
- A. High protein, low fat
- B. High carbohydrate, high fiber
- C. Low calorie, low fat
- D. Low carbohydrate, high protein
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Treatment of PMDD includes a diet rich in complex carbohydrates and fiber (to lengthen effects of the carbohydrate meal).