Adult Medical Surgical ATI

Adult Medical Surgical ATI Related

Review Adult Medical Surgical ATI related questions and content

A 25-year-old client is admitted for a tonsillectomy and informs the nurse of having had episodes of muscle cramps, weakness, and an unexplained temperature elevation. Many years ago, the client's father died shortly after surgery subsequent to developing a high fever. The surgeon has ordered dantrolene sodium (Dantrium) prophylactically prior to the tonsillectomy to reduce the risk of:

  • A. a postoperative infection.
  • B. malignant hyperthermia.
  • C. neuroleptic malignant syndrome.
  • D. a postoperative fever.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Dantrolene sodium (Dantrium) is a peripheral skeletal muscle relaxant and would have no effect on a postoperative infection. Dantrolene sodium (Dantrium) is indicated prophylactically for clients with malignant hyperthermia or with a family history of the disorder. The mortality rate for malignant hyperthermia is high. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome is an exercise-induced muscle pain and spasm and is not related to malignant hyperthermia. Dantrolene sodium (Dantrium) is a peripheral skeletal muscle relaxant and would have no effect on a postoperative fever.

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After implementing nursing interventions for a client with anxiety, which expected outcome does the nurse evaluate?

  • A. The client avoids all kinds of anxiety-provoking stimuli
  • B. The client has no need for written instructions for follow-up care
  • C. The client accurately repeats information about the drug therapy
  • D. There are no consequences if anxiolytic drug is discontinued suddenly
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Accurate understanding of drug therapy ensures compliance and safety, reducing the risk of adverse effects.

To do an effective breast self-examination, when should the woman examine her breasts?

  • A. During the fourth to the seventh menstrual cycle day
  • B. Every other month
  • C. While standing up
  • D. 1 week before the menstrual cycle
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: During the fourth to the seventh menstrual cycle day. This is because breasts are least likely to be swollen or tender during this time, allowing for a more accurate examination. Choice B is incorrect as regular monthly examinations are recommended. Choice C can be done while standing up or lying down. Choice D is incorrect as breasts may be more tender and swollen closer to the menstrual cycle, making it harder to detect abnormalities.

End-of-life palliative nursing care involves

  • A. Constant assessment for changes in physiologic functioning.
  • B. Administering large doses of analgesics to keep the patient sedated.
  • C. Providing as little physical care as possible to prevent disturbing the patient.
  • D. Encouraging the patient and family members to verbalize their feelings of sadness
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Emotional and psychological support for both the patient and family is crucial in palliative care, helping them process feelings and find closure.

Why may it pose a challenge to supplement or restrict dietary consumption when providing health-related education to clients from culturally diverse populations?

  • A. Cultural beliefs about food may conflict with dietary recommendations.
  • B. Clients may prefer traditional healers over modern medicine.
  • C. Language barriers may hinder understanding.
  • D. All of the above.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Cultural beliefs significantly influence dietary habits, requiring sensitivity and adaptation in health education.

When examining a patient who is paralyzed below the T4 level, the medical-surgical nurse expects to find

  • A. flaccidity of the upper extremities.
  • B. hyperreflexia and spasticity of the upper extremities.
  • C. independent use of upper extremities and efficient cough.
  • D. impaired diaphragmatic function requiring ventilator support.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Patients paralyzed below T4 typically retain independent use of upper extremities.

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