Maternal Monitoring During Labor

Maternal Monitoring During Labor Related

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A 26-year-old pregnant woman who is 12 weeks gestation asks the nurse about the importance of folic acid. Which of the following is the best response by the nurse?

  • A. Folic acid helps prevent birth defects of the spine and brain.
  • B. Folic acid increases the chances of having a boy.
  • C. Folic acid prevents nausea during pregnancy.
  • D. Folic acid helps the placenta attach to the uterus.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Folic acid helps prevent birth defects of the spine and brain. Folic acid is crucial during pregnancy as it plays a key role in neural tube development, reducing the risk of neural tube defects like spina bifida. This is supported by research and guidelines.

B: Folic acid does not influence the gender of the baby, as it is determined by the father's sperm.
C: Folic acid does not directly prevent nausea during pregnancy; it is mainly for neural tube development.
D: Folic acid does not specifically help the placenta attach to the uterus; that process is regulated by other factors.

In summary, choice A is correct as it directly relates to the essential role of folic acid in preventing birth defects, while the other choices are unrelated or inaccurate in the context of folic acid's benefits during pregnancy.

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The clinic nurse is obtaining a health history on a newly pregnant patient. Which is an indication for fetal diagnostic procedures if present in the health history?

  • A. Maternal diabetes
  • B. Weight gain of 25 lb
  • C. Maternal age older than 30 years
  • D. Previous infant weighing more than 3000 g at birth
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Maternal diabetes is a risk factor in pregnancy due to possible impairment of placental perfusion, necessitating fetal diagnostic procedures.

During an ultrasound, two amnions and two placentas are observed. What will be the most likely result of this pregnancy?

  • A. Dizygotic twins
  • B. Monozygotic twins
  • C. Conjoined twins
  • D. High birth-weight twins
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Dizygotic twins always have two amnions and two chorions (placentas).

A patient who has been in labor for several hours is now fully dilated and ready to push. What is the first action the nurse should take?

  • A. Encourage the patient to push with each contraction
  • B. Prepare the delivery room for delivery
  • C. Assess the fetal heart rate
  • D. Administer pain relief
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Assess the fetal heart rate. This is important to ensure the baby's well-being during the pushing phase. By monitoring the fetal heart rate, the nurse can detect any signs of distress or complications, allowing for prompt intervention if needed. Encouraging the patient to push (A) is appropriate once the fetal well-being is confirmed. While preparing the delivery room (B) is important, it is not the immediate priority. Administering pain relief (D) can be considered after assessing the fetal heart rate and ensuring the baby's safety.

A patient in labor is at 6 cm dilation and requests an epidural. What is the most appropriate response from the nurse?

  • A. You need to be at least 8 cm dilated for an epidural.
  • B. You can have the epidural now since you are in active labor.
  • C. The epidural can be administered after the second stage of labor.
  • D. An epidural is only administered during the latent phase of labor.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: "You can have the epidural now since you are in active labor." At 6cm dilation, the patient is typically considered to be in active labor, making it an appropriate time to offer an epidural for pain relief. Administering the epidural at this stage can help manage the pain effectively and provide relief during the remainder of labor. Other choices are incorrect because waiting until 8cm dilation (Choice A) may cause unnecessary suffering, administering after the second stage (Choice C) is too late for pain relief, and giving it during the latent phase (Choice D) is not ideal as the patient may not be in active labor yet.

Place these developmental milestones in chronological order: Four-chambered heart forms, Vernix caseosa appears, Blastocyst development completes, Testes descend

  • A. Blastocyst development complete
  • B. Four-chambered heart forms
  • C. Vernix caseosa present
  • D. Testes descend into scrotum
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Development follows the sequence: blastocyst formation, four-chambered heart, vernix appearance, and testicular descent.

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