Nokea
A 3-year-old child was adopted immediately after birth. The parents have just asked the nurse how they should tell the child that she is adopted. Which guideline concerning adoption should the nurse use in planning a response?
- A. It is best to wait until the child asks about it.
- B. The best time to tell the child is between the ages of 7 and 10 years.
- C. It is not necessary to tell a child who was adopted so young.
- D. Telling the child is an important aspect of their parental responsibilities.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: It is important for the parents not to withhold information about the adoption from the child. It is an essential component of the childs identity. There is no recommended best time to tell children. It is believed that children should be told young enough so they do not remember a time when they did not know. It should be done before the children enter school to prevent third parties from telling the children before the parents have had the opportunity.
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Which type of family should the nurse recognize when a mother, her children, and a stepfather live together?
- A. Traditional nuclear
- B. Blended
- C. Extended
- D. Binuclear
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A blended family contains at least one stepparent, stepsibling, or half-sibling. A traditional nuclear family consists of a married couple and their biologic children. No other relatives or nonrelatives are present in the household. An extended family contains at least one parent, one or more children, and one or more members (related or unrelated) other than a parent or sibling. In binuclear families, parents continue the parenting role while terminating the spousal unit. For example, when joint custody is assigned by the court, each parent has equal rights and responsibilities for the minor child or children.
The nurse discovers welts on the back of a Vietnamese child during a home health visit. The childs mother says she has rubbed the edge of a coin on her childs oiled skin. The nurse should recognize this as what?
- A. Child abuse
- B. Cultural practice to rid the body of disease
- C. Cultural practice to treat enuresis or temper tantrums
- D. Child discipline measure common in the Vietnamese culture
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: This is descriptive of coining. The welts are created by repeatedly rubbing a coin on the childs oiled skin. The mother is attempting to rid the childs body of disease. Coining is a cultural healing practice. Coining is not specific for enuresis or temper tantrums. This is not child abuse or discipline.
Children may believe that they are responsible for their parents divorce and interpret the separation as punishment. At which age is this most likely to occur?
- A. 1 year
- B. 4 years
- C. 8 years
- D. 13 years
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Preschool-age children are most likely to blame themselves for the divorce. A 4-year-old child will fear abandonment and express bewilderment regarding all human relationships. A 4-year-old child has magical thinking and believes his or her actions cause consequences, such as divorce. For infants, divorce may increase their irritability and interfere with the attachment process, but they are too young to feel responsibility. School-age children will have feelings of deprivation, including the loss of a parent, attention, money, and a secure future. Adolescents are able to disengage themselves from the parental conflict.
The nurse is aware that if patients different cultures are implied to be inferior, the emotional attitude the nurse is displaying is what?
- A. Acculturation
- B. Ethnocentrism
- C. Cultural shock
- D. Cultural sensitivity
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ethnocentrism is the belief that ones way of living and behaving is the best way. This includes the emotional attitude that the values, beliefs, and perceptions of ones ethnic group are superior to those of others. Acculturation is the gradual changes that are produced in a culture by the influence of another culture that cause one or both cultures to become more similar. The minority culture is forced to learn the majority culture to survive. Cultural shock is the helpless feeling and state of disorientation felt by an outsider attempting to adapt to a different culture group. Cultural sensitivity, a component of culturally competent care, is an awareness of cultural similarities and differences.
Which family theory explains how families react to stressful events and suggests factors that promote adaptation to these events?
- A. Interactional theory
- B. Family stress theory
- C. Eriksons psychosocial theory
- D. Developmental systems theory
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Family stress theory explains the reaction of families to stressful events. In addition, the theory helps suggest factors that promote adaptation to the stress. Stressors, both positive and negative, are cumulative and affect the family. Adaptation requires a change in family structure or interaction. Interactional theory is not a family theory. Interactions are the basis of general systems theory. Eriksons theory applies to individual growth and development, not families. Developmental systems theory is an outgrowth of Duvalls theory. The family is described as a small group, a semiclosed system of personalities that interact with the larger cultural system. Changes do not occur in one part of the family without changes in others.