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A 3-year-old female presents with respiratory distress. She is conscious, crying, and clinging to her mother. She has mild intercostal retractions and an oxygen saturation of 93%. The MOST effective way of delivering oxygen to her involves:
- A. gently restraining her and assisting with ventilations.
- B. ventilations with a flow-restricted, oxygen-powered device.
- C. a non-rebreathing mask with the flow rate set at 6 to 8 L/min.
- D. asking the mother to hold an oxygen mask near her face.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In a pediatric patient with respiratory distress, a non-rebreathing mask with a flow rate set at 6 to 8 L/min is the most effective way to deliver oxygen. This method ensures a high concentration of oxygen is delivered to the child, aiding in improving oxygen saturation levels. In this scenario, the mother can assist in holding the mask to maintain comfort and cooperation in the child while ensuring proper oxygen delivery.
You may also like to solve these questions
What is the most likely cause of a sudden onset of respiratory distress in a 5-year-old child with no fever?
- A. Infection of the lower airways.
- B. A progressive upper airway infection.
- C. Inflammation of the upper airway.
- D. A foreign body airway obstruction.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A sudden onset of respiratory distress in a child without fever is most likely due to a foreign body airway obstruction. This obstruction can rapidly lead to difficulty breathing, stridor, and other signs of respiratory distress without necessarily causing a fever. Prompt recognition and intervention are crucial in such cases to prevent further complications and ensure the child's airway remains clear.
A 3-year-old child has a sudden onset of respiratory distress. The mother denies any recent illnesses or fever. You should suspect:
- A. croup.
- B. foreign body airway obstruction.
- C. lower respiratory infection.
- D. epiglottitis.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In a 3-year-old child with a sudden onset of respiratory distress and no recent illnesses or fever, the likely cause is a foreign body airway obstruction. Foreign body obstruction can lead to sudden respiratory distress without other preceding symptoms. It is crucial to consider this possibility and act promptly to clear the airway in such cases to prevent serious complications.
Which of the following statements regarding two-rescuer child CPR is correct?
- A. The chest should be compressed with one hand, and a compression-to-ventilation ratio of 30:2 should be delivered.
- B. A compression-to-ventilation ratio of 15:2 should be delivered with pauses in compressions to give ventilations.
- C. The chest should be allowed to fully recoil between compressions to optimize venous return.
- D. Compress the chest with one or two hands to a depth equal to one third the diameter of the chest.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In two-rescuer child CPR, the correct compression depth is one third the diameter of the chest. This depth can be achieved by compressing the chest with one or two hands. It is crucial to follow the correct compression depth guideline to ensure effective chest compressions and circulation during CPR for a child.
Upon assessing a newborn immediately after delivery, you note that the infant is breathing spontaneously and has a heart rate of 80 beats/min. What is the MOST appropriate initial management for this newborn?
- A. Assess the newborn's skin condition and color.
- B. Initiate positive-pressure ventilations.
- C. Start chest compressions and contact medical control.
- D. Provide blow-by oxygen with oxygen tubing.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In a newborn with a heart rate below 100 beats/min, the most appropriate initial management is to initiate positive-pressure ventilations. This helps support the newborn's respiratory effort and oxygenation in the setting of a low heart rate, ensuring adequate oxygen supply to vital organs. Assessing the skin condition and color, starting chest compressions, or providing blow-by oxygen are not the priority in this scenario where respiratory support is crucial.
What is the appropriate technique for performing two-rescuer CPR on a 4-year-old child?
- A. 15 compressions to 2 ventilations, compressing the sternum with your thumbs, and delivering at least 100 compressions per minute.
- B. 30 compressions to 2 ventilations, compressing the chest one third the depth of the chest, and delivering each breath over 1 second.
- C. 15 compressions to 2 ventilations, compressing the sternum with the heel of your hand, and ventilating until visible chest rise occurs.
- D. 30 compressions to 2 ventilations, compressing the sternum with the heel of both hands, and delivering each breath over 1 to 2 seconds.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When performing two-rescuer CPR on a 4-year-old child, the appropriate technique involves 15 compressions to 2 ventilations. Compressions should be done by pressing the child's sternum with the heel of your hand. Ventilations should be given until visible chest rise occurs. This technique ensures effective CPR delivery for a child in need of resuscitation.