Nokea
A 31-year-old woman believes that she may be pregnant. She took an OTC pregnancy test 1 week ago after missing her period; the test was positive. During her assessment interview, the nurse enquires about the woman's last menstrual period and asks whether she is taking any medications. The woman states that she takes medicine for epilepsy. She has been under considerable stress lately at work and has not been sleeping well. She also has a history of irregular periods. Her physical examination does not indicate that she is pregnant. She has an ultrasound scan that reveals she is not pregnant. What is the most likely cause of the false-positive pregnancy test result?
- A. She took the pregnancy test too early
- B. She takes anticonvulsants
- C. She has a fibroid tumor
- D. She has been under considerable stress and has a hormone imbalance
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Anticonvulsant medications can cause false-positive pregnancy test results by interfering with hormone assays.
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A woman is in her seventh month of pregnancy. She has been reporting nasal congestion and occasional epistaxis. The nurse suspects that:
- A. this is a normal respiratory change in pregnancy caused by elevated levels of estrogen.
- B. this is an abnormal cardiovascular change, and the nosebleeds are an ominous sign.
- C. the woman is a victim of domestic violence and is being hit in the face by her partner.
- D. the woman has been using cocaine intranasally.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Elevated levels of estrogen cause capillaries to become engorged in the respiratory tract. This may result in edema in the nose, larynx, trachea, and bronchi. This congestion may cause nasal stuffiness and epistaxis.
A client at 20 weeks gestation has just been examined during a prenatal visit. Which assessment should the nurse recognize as an abnormal finding and the need for further testing?
- A. Fundal height of 26 cm
- B. Pulse rate 15 bpm higher than her prepregnancy pulse
- C. Blood pressure of 128/68
- D. Deep tendon reflexes +2
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. At 20 weeks gestation, the fundal height should correspond closely to the number of weeks pregnant (around 20 cm). A fundal height of 26 cm indicates potential fetal growth abnormalities or incorrect dating. Further testing, such as an ultrasound, is needed to assess fetal growth and well-being.
Choice B (Pulse rate 15 bpm higher) is not typically concerning during pregnancy as pulse rate can increase due to physiological changes. Choice C (Blood pressure of 128/68) falls within the normal range for pregnancy. Choice D (Deep tendon reflexes +2) is a normal finding and not an indication for further testing.
Ectopic pregnancy is:
- A. When a fertilised egg implants itself outside of the womb
- B. Another term for a 'healthy' pregnancy
- C. A myth, there is no such thing
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An ectopic pregnancy occurs when a fertilised egg implants outside the uterine cavity, most commonly in the fallopian tube.
During vital sign assessment of a pregnant patient in her third trimester, the patient complains of
feeling faint, dizzy, and agitated. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate?
- A. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate?
- B. Have the patient stand up and retake her blood pressur
- C. Have the patient sit down and hold her arm in a dependent position.
- D. Have the patient turn to her left side and recheck her blood pressure in 5 minutes.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Have the patient turn to her left side and recheck her blood pressure in 5 minutes. This intervention is most appropriate because the patient is experiencing symptoms of potential hypotension, common in pregnant women due to changes in blood volume and hormonal levels. Turning the patient to her left side helps improve blood flow to the heart and can alleviate symptoms. Rechecking the blood pressure in 5 minutes allows for monitoring of any changes.
Choice A is incorrect as it does not provide a specific intervention. Choice B is incorrect as having the patient stand up may worsen symptoms. Choice C is incorrect as holding the arm in a dependent position may not effectively address the underlying issue of hypotension.
Male infertility can be caused by:
- A. Vasectomy
- B. Low sperm count
- C. Sexual dysfunction
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Male infertility may result from various factors, including vasectomy, low sperm count, or sexual dysfunction.