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A 32-week pregnant woman is admitted with preterm labor. What is the most appropriate intervention to delay labor?
- A. Administer magnesium sulfate
- B. Perform an emergency cesarean section
- C. Administer a prostaglandin inhibitor
- D. Start a Pitocin infusion
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administer magnesium sulfate. Magnesium sulfate is commonly used to delay preterm labor by relaxing uterine smooth muscle. It inhibits contractions and delays labor progression. It is a standard treatment to prevent preterm birth and reduce the risk of complications for both the mother and the baby.
Choice B: Emergency cesarean section is not indicated for delaying preterm labor unless there are severe complications putting the mother or baby at immediate risk.
Choice C: Administering a prostaglandin inhibitor may help in some cases, but magnesium sulfate is the preferred choice for delaying labor in preterm pregnancies.
Choice D: Starting a Pitocin infusion would actually stimulate contractions and hasten labor, which is the opposite of what is needed in this scenario.
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A pregnant patient who is 28 weeks gestation reports a sudden increase in vaginal discharge. What is the nurse's priority action?
- A. Instruct the patient to use a sanitary pad and monitor for any changes.
- B. Assess the discharge for characteristics such as color, odor, and consistency.
- C. Encourage the patient to rest and avoid physical activity for 24 hours.
- D. Call the healthcare provider immediately to report the increase in discharge.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Assess the discharge for characteristics such as color, odor, and consistency. This is the priority action because sudden changes in vaginal discharge during pregnancy could indicate a potential infection or other complications that need to be promptly addressed. By assessing the characteristics of the discharge, the nurse can gather important information to determine the appropriate next steps, whether it requires immediate medical attention or can be managed with monitoring.
Choice A is incorrect because simply using a sanitary pad and monitoring for changes does not address the underlying cause of the increased discharge. Choice C is incorrect as rest alone may not address the potential issue with the discharge. Choice D is also incorrect because while contacting the healthcare provider is important, assessing the discharge first provides crucial information for a more informed discussion with the provider.
The nurse is assessing a pregnant patient who is at 32 weeks gestation and is concerned about leg cramps. Which intervention should the nurse recommend?
- A. Apply a heating pad to the legs to relieve cramps.
- B. Perform gentle stretching exercises to reduce muscle tension.
- C. Increase calcium intake to prevent muscle cramps.
- D. Lie down and elevate the legs to prevent cramps.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Perform gentle stretching exercises to reduce muscle tension. Leg cramps during pregnancy are common due to increased weight and pressure on muscles. Gentle stretching exercises can help relieve tension and improve circulation, reducing the likelihood of cramps. Applying heat (choice A) can worsen swelling in pregnancy. Increasing calcium intake (choice C) can help prevent cramps but is not an immediate intervention. Lying down and elevating legs (choice D) can provide temporary relief but may not address the underlying muscle tension.
Can the baby's sex be determined at 8 weeks' gestation?
- A. Doctor knows the sex
- B. Organs are formed but too small
- C. Technician sees a penis
- D. It will take another month
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: At 8 weeks, organs are developing but too small to determine sex; this usually occurs around 18–20 weeks.
A nurse is caring for a laboring person who is in the second stage of labor. What is the most appropriate nursing intervention during the pushing phase?
- A. assist the person into a squatting position
- B. instruct the person to push with contractions
- C. coach the person through controlled pushing
- D. prepare for spontaneous delivery
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: prepare for spontaneous delivery. During the pushing phase of the second stage of labor, the most appropriate nursing intervention is to prepare for the spontaneous delivery of the baby. This involves ensuring that all necessary equipment and supplies are ready for the delivery, positioning oneself appropriately to assist with the birth, and being prepared to provide immediate care to the newborn. This intervention is crucial to ensure a safe and smooth delivery process.
Choice A (assist the person into a squatting position) may not be appropriate for all laboring individuals and may not facilitate the most effective pushing efforts. Choice B (instruct the person to push with contractions) is a general instruction that may not encompass all the necessary aspects of supporting the delivery process. Choice C (coach the person through controlled pushing) may be too restrictive and not allow for the natural progression of labor. Thus, the most appropriate intervention is to prepare for spontaneous delivery to ensure readiness and safety for both the laboring person and the newborn.
The glucose challenge screening test is performed at or after 24 weeks’ gestation to assess for the maternal physiological response to which of the following pregnancy hormones?
- A. Estrogen.
- B. Progesterone.
- C. Human placental lactogen.
- D. Human chorionic gonadotropin.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Human placental lactogen (hPL) is the hormone that affects glucose metabolism during pregnancy, making it the focus of the glucose challenge test.