FNP Pediatric Practice Questions

FNP Pediatric Practice Questions Related

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A 36 y.o. woman who has had no prenatal care comes into the hospital in active labor for her fourth child. She has vesicles evident on her perineum. The following nursing actions are appropriate to protect the unborn baby and the staff, EXCEPT:

  • A. Maintain standard precautions
  • B. Prepare for the possibility that the baby may be delivered by CS.
  • C. Notify the obstetrician and nurse midwife about the vesicles as soon as possible.
  • D. Apply antibiotic ointment to the vesicles and place the mother in reverse isolation
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: When a woman with vesicles on her perineum comes into the hospital in active labor, it is important to take precautions to protect the unborn baby and the staff. However, applying antibiotic ointment to the vesicles and placing the mother in reverse isolation is not appropriate in this situation. This is because her condition is most likely due to herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection, which can be transmitted to the baby during birth leading to severe complications. Placing the mother in reverse isolation can increase the risk of transmission to the healthcare staff as well. Instead, notifying the obstetrician and nurse midwife about the vesicles as soon as possible is crucial for proper management and preparing for the possibility that the baby may be delivered by cesarean section is important to reduce the risk of transmission during vaginal birth. Maintaining standard precautions is essential to prevent the spread of infection.

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Which of the ff finding would confirm that a female client has mastitis? Choose all that apply

  • A. A crack in the nipple or the areola
  • B. Multiple lumps within the breast tissue
  • C. Swollen, firm, and hard breasts
  • D. Enlargement of the axillary lymph nodes
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Mastitis is an inflammatory condition of the breast tissue, often caused by an infection. Common symptoms of mastitis in a female client include swollen, firm, and hard breasts. These changes in breast tissue texture are indicative of inflammation and infection. Other possible signs of mastitis may include redness, warmth, and tenderness in the affected breast. The presence of swollen, firm, and hard breasts would confirm the diagnosis of mastitis in a female client.

A newborn is diagnosed with retinopathy of prematurity. What should the nurse know about this diagnosis?

  • A. Blindness cannot be prevented.
  • B. No treatment is currently available.
  • C. Cryotherapy and laser therapy are effective treatments.
  • D. Long-term administration of oxygen will be necessary.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a disorder of the developing retinal blood vessels in premature infants. Cryotherapy and laser therapy are both effective treatments for ROP. These treatments can help prevent vision loss and improve the chances of maintaining good vision. Prompt detection and intervention are key in managing ROP to prevent long-term visual impairment. Therefore, the nurse should be aware that cryotherapy and laser therapy are effective interventions for ROP, contrary to the options suggesting blindness cannot be prevented or no treatment is available. Long-term administration of oxygen can contribute to the development of ROP, so careful monitoring and management of oxygen levels are necessary in premature infants to prevent this condition.

A client with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), an autoimmune disorder, is admitted to an acute care facility. Concerned about hemorrhage, the nurse monitors the client's platelet count and observes closely for signs and symptoms of bleeding. The client is at greatest risk for cerebral hemorrhage when the platelet count falls below:

  • A. 135,000/ul
  • B. 20,000/ul
  • C. 75,000/ul
  • D. 500/ul
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In a client with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), a platelet count falling below 20,000/ul puts them at the greatest risk for cerebral hemorrhage. This is because the risk of spontaneous bleeding, especially in critical areas like the brain, significantly increases as platelet counts drop below this level. The brain is a sensitive organ, and even minor bleeds can have serious consequences. Therefore, it is crucial for healthcare providers to closely monitor platelet counts and promptly intervene to prevent life-threatening hemorrhage in clients with ITP.

Because of the significant association of lead intoxication with poverty, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends blood lead screening at

  • A. 6 and 12 months
  • B. 12 and 24 months
  • C. 24 and 36 months
  • D. 36 and 48 months
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Blood lead screening is recommended at 12 and 24 months.

Which antiparkinsonian drug is associated with the on-off phenomenon and the wearing-off effect?

  • A. Amantadine
  • B. Levodopa
  • C. Benztropine
  • D. Pramixole
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Levodopa is the antiparkinsonian drug associated with the on-off phenomenon and the wearing-off effect. The on-off phenomenon refers to the sudden and unpredictable fluctuations between periods of symptom control (on) and periods of symptom re-emergence (off) in patients with Parkinson's disease receiving levodopa therapy. This can happen as the disease progresses and the brain becomes less responsive to the medication.

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