Nokea
A 45-year-old woman suffered a head injury in a car accident. A few months after recovering from her injuries, she is unable to differentiate between hot and cold and is unsure of how to dress for the weather. This is an example of:
- A. Mania.
- B. Agnosia.
- C. Dementia.
- D. Amnestic disorder.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Agnosia. Agnosia is the inability to recognize or interpret sensory information, such as temperature or clothing. In this case, the woman's inability to differentiate between hot and cold and dress appropriately for the weather indicates a sensory processing issue, characteristic of agnosia.
A: Mania is a mood disorder characterized by extreme excitement and impulsivity, not related to sensory perception issues.
C: Dementia is a broad term for cognitive decline, which typically includes memory loss and impaired decision-making, but not necessarily sensory perception deficits.
D: Amnestic disorder refers to memory impairment, not the inability to interpret sensory information.
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A nurse is assessing a patient's family history. Which of the following would be most relevant to include in the assessment?
- A. History of heart disease, cancer, and diabetes
- B. The patient's siblings' hobbies and interests
- C. The patient's father's occupation
- D. The patient's favorite sports team
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because a family history of heart disease, cancer, and diabetes can provide crucial information about potential genetic predispositions and health risks for the patient. This information helps the nurse assess the patient's risk factors and tailor preventative measures or interventions accordingly.
Choice B is incorrect as siblings' hobbies and interests are not relevant to the patient's medical history. Choice C is incorrect as the father's occupation does not directly impact the patient's health risks. Choice D is incorrect as the patient's favorite sports team is not relevant to assessing the patient's family history for health-related issues.
An Aboriginal woman who lives away from the reserve has come to the clinic to seek help with regulating her diabetes. In conducting an interview, the nurse's priority involves:
- A. finding out why the patient is not compliant.
- B. reinforcing the health teaching related to diet and exercise.
- C. determining if the patient can afford her medications.
- D. sending the patient to the diabetic clinic for follow-up.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because determining if the patient can afford her medications is crucial in managing her diabetes effectively. Financial constraints can significantly impact a patient's ability to adhere to treatment, leading to poor health outcomes. By addressing affordability, the nurse can ensure the patient can access and comply with the prescribed medications.
A, finding out why the patient is not compliant, is not the priority at this stage as addressing affordability comes first. B, reinforcing health teaching related to diet and exercise, is important but secondary to ensuring access to medications. D, sending the patient to the diabetic clinic for follow-up, is not as critical as addressing immediate financial concerns.
Which of the following questions would best assess a person's judgement?
- A. Do you feel that you are being watched, followed, or controlled?
- B. Tell me about what you plan to do once you are discharged from the hospital.
- C. What does the saying, "People in glass houses shouldn't throw stones' mean to you?
- D. What would you do if you found a stamped, addressed envelope on the sidewalk?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because asking about future plans post-hospital discharge assesses judgment by evaluating the individual's ability to make considered decisions and anticipate consequences. Choice A focuses on paranoia, not judgment. Choice C assesses interpretation skills, not judgment. Choice D evaluates honesty or ethics, not judgment. Therefore, B is the best choice for assessing judgment.
Canada's population as a whole is aging, and for the first time in Canadian history, which age group has exceeded that of people aged 15 to 24?
- A. Under 15 years of age
- B. 35"“44 years
- C. 55"“64 years
- D. Over 65 years
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 55-64 years. This age group has exceeded that of people aged 15-24 due to factors like increased life expectancy, lower birth rates, and the aging baby boomer population. This demographic shift impacts workforce, healthcare, and social services. Choice A is incorrect as it represents the youngest age group. Choice B is incorrect as it falls within the working-age group. Choice D is incorrect as it represents the elderly population, which is still lower than the 55-64 age group in this context.
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of diabetes. The nurse should monitor for signs of which of the following complications?
- A. Hyperglycemia.
- B. Hypoglycemia.
- C. Dehydration.
- D. Hypotension.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hyperglycemia. Patients with diabetes are at risk for high blood sugar levels. Monitoring for hyperglycemia is crucial to prevent complications like diabetic ketoacidosis. Hypoglycemia (B) is low blood sugar, dehydration (C) is not directly related to diabetes unless it causes hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state, and hypotension (D) is low blood pressure, which is not a common complication of diabetes. Regular monitoring for hyperglycemia helps in preventing diabetic complications.