Nokea
A 46-year-old African-American man is in an outpatient clinic for a physical examination. His BP is 126/84 mm Hg, his BMI is 24, and he reports no previous medical problems. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- A. Schedule his next appointment for 1 year from now.
- B. Provide information about how to reduce risk factors of hypertension.
- C. Schedule an appointment for a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test.
- D. Provide information for a weight loss plan that includes increasing physical activity.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Provide information about how to reduce risk factors of hypertension. This is the appropriate action because the patient, being African-American, is at increased risk for hypertension. Providing information on lifestyle modifications such as a healthy diet, regular exercise, and stress management can help prevent the development of hypertension. This proactive approach aligns with preventative care and promotes the patient's overall well-being.
Choice A is incorrect because annual appointments may not address potential risk factors for hypertension. Choice C, scheduling a PSA test, is not relevant to the patient's current health assessment. Choice D, providing a weight loss plan, may be beneficial but not directly related to hypertension risk reduction in this scenario.
You may also like to solve these questions
A nurse receives a client's laboratory results and notes a potassium level of 3.1 mEq/L. When reviewing the client's medication administration record, which of the following types of medication should the nurse identify as a contributing factor to the client's electrolyte imbalance?
- A. Corticosteroids
- B. NSAIDs
- C. ACE inhibitors
- D. SSRIs
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Corticosteroids can cause potassium loss through increased renal excretion, leading to hypokalemia.
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a 40-year-old female client about preventive health screenings. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I should have my skin checked every 5 years for cancer.
- B. I will need to have a mammogram every year now.
- C. I should have my first colonoscopy when I turn 65.
- D. I will be checked for uterine cancer every 2 years.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "I will need to have a mammogram every year now." This statement indicates an understanding of preventive health screenings for a 40-year-old female. Mammograms are recommended annually starting at age 40 to screen for breast cancer. Choice A is incorrect as skin checks for cancer should be more frequent than every 5 years. Choice C is incorrect as the first colonoscopy is recommended at age 50, not 65. Choice D is incorrect as uterine cancer screening is typically not done every 2 years.
A nurse is caring for a client who has atelectasis. The nurse should instruct the client to lie on his back with a quarter turn elevating his right side and his head lower than his feet to mobilize secretions from which of the following lung segments?
- A. Anterior segment of the right upper lobe
- B. Anterior segment of the right middle lobe
- C. Posterior segment of the right middle lobe
- D. Posterior segment of the right lower lobe
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Postural drainage in this position helps mobilize secretions from the lower lobes and prevent complications.
A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who has developed cardiogenic shock. When evaluating circulation to the client's brain, which of the following pulse sites should the nurse use?
- A. Femoral
- B. Carotid
- C. Popliteal
- D. Radial
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Carotid. The carotid pulse site should be used when assessing circulation to the brain in a client with cardiogenic shock because it is the closest pulse site to the brain. The carotid artery supplies blood directly to the brain, making it the most accurate site to assess perfusion to this vital organ.
A: Femoral, C: Popliteal, and D: Radial are not ideal pulse sites for assessing circulation to the brain in a client with cardiogenic shock because they are further away from the brain compared to the carotid artery. Using these sites may not provide an accurate representation of cerebral perfusion in this critical situation.
A nurse is caring for an older adult client who expresses feelings of grief for his earlier life. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to help the client cope with his feelings of loss?
- A. Let the client know that this is a common problem of the aging population.
- B. Provide the client with activities to perform so he won't have time to dwell on the past.
- C. Listen attentively when the client talks about the past.
- D. Tell the client about some of the younger clients in the hospital who have experienced loss.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Listening attentively when the client talks about the past is essential in helping the older adult cope with feelings of grief. By actively listening, the nurse validates the client's feelings and provides a supportive environment for the client to express and process their emotions. This approach shows empathy and understanding, which can help the client feel heard and respected.
Choice A is incorrect because simply stating that it is a common problem does not address the client's individual feelings and may diminish the significance of their grief. Choice B is incorrect as it suggests avoidance rather than addressing the client's emotions directly. Choice D is incorrect as comparing the client's experience to that of younger clients may not be relevant or helpful.