Nokea
A 48-year-old woman tells the nurse, 'I missed my period last month. Am I in menopause?' The nurse knows that at which point is a woman considered to be menopausal?
- A. Her periods have stopped for 1 year.
- B. Her periods have been irregular and light for 12 months.
- C. She has symptoms of vasomotor instability.
- D. She experiences symptoms of decreased estrogen, such as dyspareunia.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When a woman's menstrual periods have stopped for 1 year, she is considered menopausal.
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A woman asks the nurse, 'How do oral contraceptives prevent pregnancy?' What will the nurse explain about the combination of estrogen and progesterone in oral contraceptives?
- A. Makes cervical mucus hostile to sperm
- B. Prevents ovulation
- C. Prohibits implantation of the egg
- D. Acts as a barrier by destroying sperm
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Oral contraceptives contain a combination of estrogen and progesterone that suppresses ovulation.
The nurse is planning to teach a woman about perimenopause. What would the nurse include regarding lowered estrogen level?
- A. It prevents osteoporosis.
- B. It decreases vaginal lubrication.
- C. It raises the level of low-density lipoproteins.
- D. It raises the level of high-density lipoproteins.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Estrogen increases the amount of high-density lipoproteins that carry cholesterol from body cells to the liver for excretion. With lowered levels of estrogen, low-density lipoproteins increase, causing an increase in the incidence of heart attacks and strokes.
The nurse is providing sexual education to a group of high school students. What will the nurse explain is the most effective choice of birth control for preventing pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases?
- A. Abstain from sex.
- B. Use the male condom.
- C. Use the female condom.
- D. Use the barrier method.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Abstinence is 100% effective in preventing pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases.
The nurse tells a woman who is trying to conceive to check her cervical mucus for changes. What will she expect the characteristic of cervical mucus to be a few days before ovulation?
- A. Cloudy and tacky
- B. Scant and thick
- C. Thin and white
- D. Clear and slippery
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Within a few days of ovulation, cervical mucus will become clear and slippery to aid the passage of sperm into the cervix.
A 21-year-old college student has come to see the nurse practitioner for treatment of a vaginal infection. Physical assessment reveals inflammation of the vagina and vulva, and vaginal discharge has a cottage cheese appearance. With what are these findings consistent?
- A. Candidiasis
- B. Trichomoniasis
- C. Bacterial vaginosis
- D. Chlamydia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The signs and symptoms of candidiasis include inflammation of the vagina and vulva and a cottage cheese appearance to the vaginal discharge.