HESI Exams Quizlet Physics

HESI Exams Quizlet Physics Related

Review HESI Exams Quizlet Physics related questions and content

A 5-kg block is suspended from a spring, causing the spring to stretch 10 cm from equilibrium. What is the spring constant for this spring?

  • A. 4.9 N/cm
  • B. 9.8 N/cm
  • C. 49 N/cm
  • D. 50 N/cm
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The spring constant (k) can be calculated using Hooke's Law formula: F = -kx, where F is the force applied, k is the spring constant, and x is the displacement from equilibrium. In this case, the force applied is equal to the weight of the block, F = mg, where m = mass of the block = 5 kg and g = acceleration due to gravity = 9.8 m/s^2. The displacement x = 10 cm = 0.1 m. Substituting the values, we have: 5 kg * 9.8 m/s^2 = k * 0.1 m. Solving for k gives k = 5 * 9.8 / 0.1 = 49 N/m. Therefore, the spring constant for this spring is 49 N/cm. Choice A (4.9 N/cm) is incorrect because it is one decimal place lower than the correct answer. Choice B (9.8 N/cm) is incorrect as it does not account for the correct calculation based on the given information. Choice D (50 N/cm) is incorrect because it is slightly higher than the accurate value obtained through the calculations.

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Which of the following substances has the highest density?

  • A. Mist
  • B. Water
  • C. Steam
  • D. Ice
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Water has the highest density among the options provided. Density is a measure of mass per unit volume. In this case, water in its liquid form is denser than mist, steam, and ice. Ice has a lower density than water because its crystalline structure causes it to be less dense. Mist and steam are forms of water vapor, which are much less dense than liquid water. Therefore, the correct answer is water (choice B).

An object moves 100 m in 10 s. What is the velocity of the object over this time?

  • A. 10 m/s
  • B. 90 m/s
  • C. 110 m/s
  • D. 1,000 m/s
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Velocity is calculated as the displacement divided by the time taken to cover that displacement. In this case, the object moves 100 meters in 10 seconds. Therefore, the velocity is 100 m / 10 s = 10 m/s. Choice B, 90 m/s, is incorrect as it doesn't match the calculated velocity. Choice C, 110 m/s, is incorrect as it is higher than the calculated velocity. Choice D, 1,000 m/s, is incorrect as it is significantly higher than the calculated velocity.

A plucked guitar string makes 80 vibrations in one second. What is the period?

  • A. 0.0125 s
  • B. 0.025 s
  • C. 0.125 s
  • D. 0.25 s
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The period is the time taken for one complete vibration of the guitar string. To find the period, you need to take the reciprocal of the frequency. Since the string makes 80 vibrations in one second, the period is 1/80 = 0.0125 seconds (or 0.025 s). Choice A is incorrect because it is the reciprocal of 80. Choice C is incorrect as it is 10 times the reciprocal of 80. Choice D is incorrect as it is 100 times the reciprocal of 80.

A system undergoes an isobaric process (constant pressure). In this process, the work done (W) by the system is:

  • A. Zero, if the volume change (ΔV) is zero.
  • B. Positive and equal to the pressure multiplied by the volume change (W = PΔV).
  • C. Negative and equal to the pressure multiplied by the volume change.
  • D. Independent of the pressure or volume change.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In an isobaric process (constant pressure), the work done is given by the formula W = PΔV, where P is the pressure and ΔV is the change in volume. If the volume does not change, the work done is zero, not negative. Choice A is incorrect as it states the work done is zero when the volume change is zero, which is the correct condition for zero work. Choice C is incorrect as it incorrectly suggests that the work done is negative in an isobaric process. Choice D is incorrect as the work done in an isobaric process is indeed dependent on the volume change and pressure.

Sublimation is the change in matter from solid to gas or gas to solid without passing through a liquid phase. Outside of the laboratory, which solid provides the best example of this?

  • A. Iron
  • B. Silver
  • C. Salt crystal
  • D. Dry ice
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Dry ice (solid carbon dioxide) provides the best example of sublimation outside of the laboratory. When dry ice is exposed to normal atmospheric conditions, it changes directly from a solid to a gas without passing through a liquid phase. This process is commonly observed in everyday situations such as creating 'smoke' or 'fog' effects. Choices A, B, and C (Iron, Silver, and Salt crystal) do not undergo sublimation. Iron and Silver melt and then vaporize, while Salt crystal dissolves in water, and the resulting solution evaporates, which involves a liquid phase.

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