Nokea
A 51-year-old woman has begun menopause. The nurse emphasizes the importance of a diet high in calcium and vitamin D as well as exercise for this woman. This recommendation is important because by the time the client is 56, she will have experienced another bone loss of:
- A. 3%
- B. 7%
- C. 10%
- D. 15%
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Postmenopausal women experience rapid bone loss, especially during the first 5 years, with losses of 15% or more.
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Which model of health is most likely used by a person who does not believe in preventive health care?
- A. Clinical model
- B. Role performance model
- C. Adaptive model
- D. Eudaimonistic model
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The clinical model views the absence of disease as health, and people using this model typically wait until they are very ill to seek care.
Which of the following actions should parents take to help their teenager meet his developmental task?
- A. Set strict rules to prevent the teenager from getting into any trouble.
- B. Maintain an ongoing dialogue about important issues and upcoming challenges.
- C. Maintain a friendship with the teenager, so he views parents as peers.
- D. Be very lenient with the teenager so that he can figure out who he is as a person.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ongoing dialogue about challenges and listening to teenagers supports their development of a healthy identity.
A nurse is assessing a community’s exposure to pollutants by examining contaminated soil, air, water, and food. Which functional health pattern is being assessed by the nurse?
- A. Nutritional-metabolic pattern
- B. Elimination pattern
- C. Health-perception–health management pattern
- D. Values-beliefs pattern
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The elimination pattern includes exposure to pollutants, which impacts health through contaminated environmental factors.
To screen for colorectal cancer, colonoscopy should be conducted every 10 years beginning at age:
- A. 30
- B. 40
- C. 50
- D. 60
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The recommendation is for individuals aged 50 and older to have a colonoscopy every 10 years to screen for colorectal cancer.
The school nurse is conducting an in-service program for teachers that discusses the development of elementary school children. According to Piaget’s theory of cognitive development, which of the following information would the nurse include?
- A. Use abstract thought to discuss a story
- B. Make moral decisions concerning right and wrong actions
- C. Listen to a peer’s point of view about a playground situation
- D. Be influenced by his or her friends
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Piaget's concrete operations stage (7-11 years) focuses on peer influence and understanding others' perspectives.