Nokea
A 51-year-old woman will be taking selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) as part of treatment for postmenopausal osteoporosis. The nurse reviews potential contraindications, including which condition?
- A. Hypocalcemia
- B. Breast cancer
- C. Stress fractures
- D. Venous thromboembolism
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: SERMs like raloxifene are contraindicated in patients with venous thromboembolism (e.g., DVT, PE) due to increased clotting risk. Hypocalcemia, breast cancer, and stress fractures are not contraindications.
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The nurse recognizes that the risk of osteoporosis is higher in an individual with which risk factor?
- A. Whites or Asians
- B. Blacks
- C. History of participation in active sports
- D. Obesity
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: White or Asian descent is a risk factor for postmenopausal osteoporosis due to genetic predisposition and lower bone density. Active sports and obesity may reduce risk, and Black individuals have lower risk.
A patient wants to try an oral soy product to relieve perimenopausal symptoms. The nurse will assess the patient's medication history for which potential drug interaction?
- A. Thyroid replacement therapy
- B. Oral anticoagulant therapy
- C. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
- D. Beta blockers
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Oral soy can interfere with thyroid hormone absorption, reducing its efficacy. It does not significantly interact with anticoagulants, NSAIDs, or beta blockers.
A patient is being treated for secondary amenorrhea. The nurse expects which drug to be used to treat this problem?
- A. Methylergonovine
- B. Estradiol transdermal
- C. Raloxifene
- D. Medroxyprogesterone
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Medroxyprogesterone, a progestin, is commonly used to treat secondary amenorrhea by inducing withdrawal bleeding. The other drugs are not indicated for this condition.
The nurse is preparing to administer the contraceptive form of medroxyprogesterone. What route is appropriate?
- A. Subcutaneous
- B. Intramuscular
- C. Vaginal
- D. Transdermal
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Medroxyprogesterone (Depo-Provera) as a contraceptive is administered intramuscularly for sustained release. Other routes are not appropriate for this formulation.
The nurse is teaching a patient about the adverse effects of fertility drugs such as clomiphene. Which is a potential adverse effect of this drug?
- A. Headache
- B. Drowsiness
- C. Dysmenorrhea
- D. Hypertension
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Clomiphene can cause headaches as a side effect, along with vomiting, restlessness, and urticaria. Drowsiness, dysmenorrhea, and hypertension are not typical adverse effects.