Nokea
A 6-month-old infant presents with wheezing and retractions. Chest x-ray shows hyperinflation. Most likely diagnosis is:
- A. Pneumonia
- B. Bronchiolitis
- C. Cystic fibrosis
- D. Asthma
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bronchiolitis features wheezing and hyperinflation, per AAP. A, C-E differ.
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Biological causes of mild mental retardation includes all of the following except:
- A. Excessive fetal movements
- B. Maternal drug use
- C. Perinatal insults
- D. Sex chromosomal abnormalities
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Excessive fetal movements aren’t a recognized cause of mild mental retardation; they’re nonspecific. B-E are established contributors (CDC).
The most common site for temperature in a 2-year-old is
- A. Axillary
- B. Oral
- C. Rectal
- D. Temporal
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Axillary A is safest for toddlers, per document p34, 4.
A 2-year-old boy presents with fever and a vesicular rash in the mouth. Most likely diagnosis is:
- A. Measles
- B. Herpangina
- C. Hand-foot-mouth disease
- D. Chickenpox
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: HFMD features fever and oral vesicles, per CDC. A, B, D, E differ in distribution.
When a parent asks the nurse to describe what is meant by a 'learning disability,' the nurse's most helpful response would be:
- A. It is characterized by inattention, impulsiveness, and hyperactivity'
- B. A child may have difficulty with perception, language, comprehension, or memory'
- C. The child's intellectual ability limits his learning'
- D. The child has difficulty learning because of brain damage'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A learning disability (B) involves challenges in perception, language, or comprehension despite normal intelligence. A describes ADHD, C implies low IQ, and D suggests injury, not typical. Document: 'Children with learning disabilities may have… difficulties in perception, language, comprehension.'
A physician should be informed if a 7-year-old with a fractured femur in a cast shows
- A. Cast damp and warm after 24 hours
- B. Increased urinary output
- C. Inability to move toes
- D. Pedal pulse of 90 bpm
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Inability to move toes C suggests circulation issues, per document p11, .