Nokea
A 6-year-old child is admitted to the hospital with pneumonia. An immediate priority in this child's nursing care would be:
- A. Elimination
- B. Exercise
- C. Nutrition
- D. Rest
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rest is crucial for recovery in a child with pneumonia as it allows the body to focus its energy on fighting the infection and promoting healing. Adequate rest helps reduce the workload on the lungs, promotes oxygenation, and supports the immune system's response to combat the infection. It is essential to prioritize rest to facilitate a faster recovery and prevent complications in children with pneumonia.
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When educating the parents of a child diagnosed with hypothyroidism, the nurse mentions that the child should avoid goitrogens. Which of the following will the nurse mention as an example?
- A. Orange
- B. Tomatoes
- C. Cabbage
- D. Grapes
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cabbage is an example of a goitrogen. Goitrogens are substances that interfere with the normal function of the thyroid gland by inhibiting iodine uptake. Cabbage, along with other cruciferous vegetables like broccoli and cauliflower, contain compounds that can have this effect and should be consumed in moderation by individuals with hypothyroidism to prevent worsening of their condition.
Adoley has been presented at the OPD with the following clinical manifestations: crying easily, short attention span, inability to sit still, fatigue but unable to sleep at night, excessive sweating, increased heart rate, and blood pressure. Which of the following will be the appropriate diagnosis for Adoley?
- A. Autism
- B. Hyperthyroidism
- C. Hypoglycemia
- D. Pneumonia
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The symptoms described in the case, such as excessive sweating, increased heart rate, and inability to sleep, are indicative of hyperthyroidism. Hyperthyroidism is characterized by an overactive thyroid gland, leading to symptoms like increased heart rate, sweating, and difficulty sleeping, which align with Adoley's clinical manifestations. Therefore, the appropriate diagnosis for Adoley would be hyperthyroidism.
As a nurse caring for Asana, a 9-year-old girl with the stature of a 4-year-old due to growth hormone deficiency, which of the following will be your priority during follow-up visits?
- A. Vital signs monitoring
- B. Height and weight monitoring
- C. Bone age studies
- D. Dietary assessment
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
A child newly diagnosed with diabetes mellitus has been stabilized with insulin injections daily. A nurse prepares a discharge teaching plan regarding the insulin. The teaching plan should reinforce which of the following concepts?
- A. Always store insulin vials in the refrigerator
- B. Adjust insulin dosage before exercise
- C. Presence of ketones in urine indicates a need for less insulin
- D. Systematically rotate injection sites
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Systematically rotating injection sites is crucial to prevent tissue damage and ensure optimal insulin absorption. This practice helps in preventing lipohypertrophy, a condition characterized by fat accumulation at injection sites, which can affect insulin absorption and lead to inconsistent blood glucose control. By rotating injection sites, the risk of skin and tissue damage is minimized, and insulin's effectiveness is maintained over time.
Use the scenario to answer questions 13-18. A patient has come to the OPD with complaints of anaesthesia and paresthesia of the lower limbs. After laboratory investigations, the doctor has diagnosed the patient with Diabetes Mellitus but failed to specify whether it is type 1 or type 2. Onset of Type 1 diabetes is characterized by:
- A. Occurs after pubertal onset in the majority of cases
- B. Occurs when parents are poor
- C. Occurs at an early age
- D. Occurs after childbirth
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Type 1 diabetes typically occurs after pubertal onset. This form of diabetes is most commonly diagnosed in individuals under the age of 30, with a peak incidence in the mid-teens to early 20s. Puberty is a period of hormonal changes and growth, which can trigger the onset of type 1 diabetes due to the stress it places on the body's insulin-producing cells.