Nokea
A 6-year-old child with daytime enuresis complains of dysuria and urgency. What does the nurse recognize these signs and symptoms indicate?
- A. Urinary tract infection
- B. Nephrotic syndrome
- C. Acute glomerulonephritis
- D. Vesicoureteral reflux
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Urinary frequency and pain during micturition are symptoms of acute urinary tract infection.
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An adolescent male is admitted to the ED with severe acute scrotal pain. When documenting medical history the nurse notes cryptorchidism at birth. What diagnosis does the nurse expect?
- A. Urinary tract infection
- B. Nephrosis
- C. Torsion
- D. Phimosis
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Acute scrotal pain in a patient with a history of cryptorchidism may indicate testicular torsion, requiring immediate surgery.
What special considerations are related to long-term prednisone therapy in preschoolers? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Delayed immunization
- B. Hypertension
- C. Enlargement of the sex organs
- D. Alteration in nutrition
- E. Increased risk for infection
Correct Answer: A,E
Rationale: Delayed immunization and greater risk for infection are concerns relative to long-term prednisone therapy.
During a physical assessment of a hospitalized 5-year-old child, the nurse notes that the foreskin has been retracted and is very tight on the shaft of the penis; the nurse is unable to return it over the head of the penis. What action should the nurse implement?
- A. Forcibly push the foreskin down over the head of the penis.
- B. Place a warm compress on the penis.
- C. Notify the charge nurse.
- D. Wait a few hours and try again.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Notify the charge nurse of this occurrence of paraphimosis. The tight foreskin can impede blood flow to the penis; this should be remedied immediately.
Which urinary diversion procedure is the least damaging to the body image of the adolescent?
- A. Urostomy
- B. Ileal conduit
- C. Nephrostomy
- D. Suprapubic placement
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The ileal conduit diverts urine to the colon, and the urine is excreted with the feces, requiring no external appliance.
Which statement made by a parent of a child with nephrotic syndrome indicates an understanding of discharge teaching?
- A. I will make sure he gets his measles vaccine as soon as he gets home.'
- B. He can stop taking his medication next week.'
- C. I should check his urine for protein when he goes to the bathroom.'
- D. He should eat a low-protein diet for the next few weeks.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The parents should be instructed to keep a daily record of the child's urinary proteins.