Nokea
A 7-year-old child has a BUN of 25 mg/dL. What is the nurse aware this lab value might indicate? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Dehydration
- B. Renal disease
- C. Need for steroid therapy
- D. Diabetes
- E. Pituitary malfunction
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: Increased BUN can indicate dehydration, renal disease, and/or need for steroid therapy.
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What is an initial sign of nephrosis that the nurse might note in a child?
- A. Raspberry-like rash
- B. Periorbital edema
- C. Temperature elevation
- D. Abdominal pain
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The edema of nephrotic syndrome is generalized and not readily noticed, even by the parents, but an early sign that can be assessed is periorbital edema.
During a physical assessment of a hospitalized 5-year-old child, the nurse notes that the foreskin has been retracted and is very tight on the shaft of the penis; the nurse is unable to return it over the head of the penis. What action should the nurse implement?
- A. Forcibly push the foreskin down over the head of the penis.
- B. Place a warm compress on the penis.
- C. Notify the charge nurse.
- D. Wait a few hours and try again.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Notify the charge nurse of this occurrence of paraphimosis. The tight foreskin can impede blood flow to the penis; this should be remedied immediately.
What is an appropriate intervention for the edematous child with reduced mobility related to nephrotic syndrome?
- A. Teach the child to minimize body movements.
- B. Change the child's position frequently.
- C. Keep the head of the child's bed flat.
- D. Keep edematous areas moist and covered.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The child should be turned frequently to prevent respiratory tract infection and to prevent pressure on delicate skin.
The nurse explains the medically accepted definition of constipation is fewer than bowel movements in a 2-week period.
Correct Answer: 7
Rationale: The medically accepted definition of constipation is fewer than seven bowel movements in a 2-week period.
What special considerations are related to long-term prednisone therapy in preschoolers? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Delayed immunization
- B. Hypertension
- C. Enlargement of the sex organs
- D. Alteration in nutrition
- E. Increased risk for infection
Correct Answer: A,E
Rationale: Delayed immunization and greater risk for infection are concerns relative to long-term prednisone therapy.