Nokea
A 70-year-old woman is beginning to notice mild memory impairment. She fears she is developing dementia. What is the most likely cause of her memory impairment?
- A. Normal aging.
- B. Alzheimer's disease.
- C. Depression.
- D. None of the above.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Alzheimer's disease. This is the most likely cause of memory impairment in a 70-year-old woman experiencing mild memory issues. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects memory, thinking, and behavior. It is the most common cause of dementia in older adults. Normal aging (choice A) typically involves some mild memory decline, but significant impairment is not considered a normal part of aging. Depression (choice C) can also impact memory, but in this case, the woman's primary concern is memory impairment, not depressive symptoms. Choice D is incorrect as Alzheimer's disease is a possible explanation for her memory issues.
You may also like to solve these questions
Which of the following is an example of an intellectual disability?
- A. Dyslexia
- B. ADHD
- C. Mental Retardation
- D. Autistic spectrum disorders
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Mental Retardation: A DSM-IV-TR defined disorder in which an individual has significantly below average intellectual functioning characterised by an IQ of 70 or below.
A newly admitted patient with schizophrenia approaches the unit nurse and says, 'The voices are bothering me. They are yelling and telling me stuff. They are really bad.' Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate?
- A. Do you hear these voices very often?'
- B. Do you have a plan for getting away from the voices?'
- C. I'll stay with you. Tell me what you are hearing.'
- D. Try to ignore them and play cards with the others.'
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because it demonstrates active listening and empathy, which can help establish trust and rapport with the patient. By saying, "I'll stay with you. Tell me what you are hearing," the nurse acknowledges the patient's distress and offers support. This response can help the patient feel heard and understood, which is crucial in managing symptoms of schizophrenia.
Choice A is incorrect as it focuses more on the frequency rather than addressing the immediate distress. Choice B is incorrect as it assumes the patient has a plan to escape the voices, which may not be the case and can escalate the situation. Choice D is incorrect as it dismisses the patient's experience and suggests distraction rather than addressing the underlying issue.
How does emotional regulation relate to mental development?
- A. Unrelated
- B. Enhances cognitive control
- C. Delays learning
- D. Increases aggression
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Emotional regulation enhances cognitive control (B), supporting focus and problem-solving, integral to mental development. It's not unrelated (A), doesn't delay learning (C), or inherently increase aggression (D).
For patients diagnosed with serious mental illness, what is the major advantage of case management?
- A. The case manager can modify traditional psychotherapy
- B. With one coordinator of services, resources can be more efficiently used
- C. The case manager can focus on social skills training and esteem building
- D. Case managers bring groups of patients together to discuss common problems
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The case manager coordinates the care and multiple referrals that so often confuse the seriously mentally ill patient and the patients family. Case management promotes efficient use of services. The other options are lesser advantages or are irrelevant.
A client tells the nurse, 'I hear people whispering about me. When I'm in the day room and they do that, I want to punch them.' The information the nurse should give to staff in report consists of which of the following?
- A. Treat this client matter-of-factly. Be direct; don't talk about him or others in his presence.'
- B. Stay away from this client. The fewer interactions you have with him, the fewer misinterpretations there will be.'
- C. Stay close to this client and use touch as you interact with him.'
- D. To help him become less anxious with whispering, speak in a very soft voice when you are near him.'
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "Treat this client matter-of-factly. Be direct; don't talk about him or others in his presence." This response is appropriate because it emphasizes the importance of respecting the client's privacy and dignity by not discussing him or others in his presence. By being direct and matter-of-fact, the nurse can establish trust and build a therapeutic relationship with the client. This approach also helps maintain boundaries and avoids escalating the situation.
Choice B is incorrect because avoiding the client may lead to feelings of rejection and worsen his symptoms. Choice C is incorrect because using touch without the client's consent may be inappropriate and could escalate the situation. Choice D is incorrect because speaking softly does not address the underlying issue of the client feeling threatened by whispering.