ATI Pathophysiology

ATI Pathophysiology Related

Review ATI Pathophysiology related questions and content

A 74-year-old woman states that many of her peers underwent hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in years past. The woman asks the nurse why her primary care provider has not yet proposed this treatment for her. What fact should underlie the nurse's response to the woman?

  • A. The risks of stroke and breast cancer are unacceptably high in women taking HRT.
  • B. HRT was found to cause mood disturbances in many women who used it long term.
  • C. HRT was found to be a significant risk factor for bone fractures and osteoporosis.
  • D. The risks of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were found to be significantly higher in women using HRT.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because the main reason HRT is not recommended for all women is due to the increased risks of stroke and breast cancer associated with its use. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not address the primary concerns regarding HRT use. HRT can indeed cause mood disturbances and may have effects on bone health, but the main concerns regarding its use revolve around the risks of stroke and breast cancer.

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Following a knee injury, a football player is taking ibuprofen, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, for the control of pain. Which drug action is most likely to result in diminished sensation of pain for the player?

  • A. Inhibition of cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes
  • B. Activation of opioid receptors
  • C. Blocking of NMDA receptors
  • D. Stimulation of serotonin receptors
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

A 5-month-old child is admitted to the hospital with recurring respiratory infections. A possible cause of this condition is:

  • A. Hypergammaglobulinemia
  • B. Increased maternal IgG
  • C. Immune insufficiency
  • D. Decreased maternal antibody breakdown, resulting in hyposensitivity
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Immune insufficiency is a possible cause of recurring respiratory infections in a 5-month-old child.

A patient has been diagnosed with cytomegalovirus (CMV). Which of the following drugs would be ineffective in the treatment of this disease?

  • A. Ribavirin (Rebetol)
  • B. Ganciclovir (Cytovene) IV
  • C. Foscarnet (Foscavir) IV
  • D. Valganciclovir hydrochloride (Valcyte)
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

A 35-year-old female is diagnosed with vitamin B12 deficiency anemia (pernicious anemia). How should the nurse respond when the patient asks what causes pernicious anemia? A decrease in ______ is the most likely cause.

  • A. Ferritin
  • B. Gastric enzymes
  • C. Intrinsic factor
  • D. Erythropoietin
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A decrease in intrinsic factor is the most likely cause of pernicious anemia.

A child has been taking mebendazole for the past 3 weeks after being diagnosed with roundworm. The nurse will determine the efficacy of the child's treatment by referencing what diagnostic test?

  • A. Liver enzymes
  • B. Stool for ova and parasites
  • C. Colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy
  • D. Rectal swab for culture
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Progestin-only contraceptives are preferred in women who are at increased risk of thromboembolic events, such as those with a history of blood clots.

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