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A 9-month-old child with cystic fibrosis does not like to take a pancreatic enzyme supplement with meals and snacks. The mother does not like to force the child to take the supplement. The most important reason for the child to take the pancreatic enzyme supplement with meals and snacks is:
- A. The child will become dehydrated if the supplement is not taken with meals and snacks.
- B. The child needs these pancreatic enzymes to help the digestive system absorb fats, carbohydrates, and proteins.
- C. The child needs the pancreatic enzymes to aid in liquefying mucus to keep the lungs clear.
- D. The child will experience severe diarrhea if the supplement is not taken as prescribed.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pancreatic enzyme supplements are essential in cystic fibrosis to aid digestion and absorption of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins, compensating for pancreatic insufficiency.
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A 16-month-old child is seen in the clinic for a checkup for the first time. The nurse notices that the toddler limps when walking. Which of the following would be appropriate to use when assessing this toddler for developmental dysplasia of the hip?
- A. I couldn'ts maneuver.
- B. Barlow's maneuver.
- C. Adam's position.
- D. Trendelenburg's sign.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Barlow's maneuver is used to assess for hip instability in infants and toddlers, appropriate for detecting developmental dysplasia of the hip.
The nurse is teaching an adolescent with asthma how to use an inhaler. In which order should the nurse instruct the client to follow the steps from first to last?
- A. Inhale through an open mouth.
- B. Breathe out through the mouth.
- C. Hold the breath for 5 to 10 seconds.
- D. Press the canister to release the medication.
Correct Answer: B,D,A,C
Rationale: Exhale, press canister, inhale, and hold breath ensures proper medication delivery.
A nurse is assessing the growth and development of a 14-year-old boy. He reports that his 13-year-old sister is 2 inches taller than he is. The nurse should advise the boy that the growth spurt in adolescent boys, compared with the growth spurt of adolescent girls:
- A. Occurs at the same time.
- B. Occurs 2 years earlier.
- C. Occurs 2 years later.
- D. Occurs 1 year earlier.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Boys' growth spurts occur about 2 years later than girls', typically around 13-15 years.
The nurse is admitting a toddler with the diagnosis of near-drowning in a neighbor's heated swimming pool to the emergency department. The nurse should assess the child for:
- A. Hypothermia.
- B. Hypoxia.
- C. Fluid aspiration.
- D. Cutaneous capillary paralysis.
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale: Near-drowning in a heated pool risks hypoxia from oxygen deprivation and fluid aspiration into the lungs, which are critical to assess.
After teaching a group of school teachers about seizures, the teachers role-play a scenario involving a child experiencing a generalized tonic-clonic seizure. Which of the following actions, when performed first, indicates that the nurse's teaching has been successful?
- A. Asking the other children what happened before the seizure.
- B. Moving the child to the nurse's office for privacy.
- C. Removing any nearby objects that could harm the child.
- D. Placing a padded tongue blade between the child's teeth.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Removing harmful objects first ensures the child's safety during a seizure, reflecting effective teaching.