Nokea
A breastfeeding mother reports breast engorgement. The nurse advises her to:
- A. Increase the frequency of feedings
- B. Apply ice packs to the breasts
- C. Avoid breastfeeding until the pain subsides
- D. Use a breast pump to empty the breasts completely
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Breast engorgement occurs when the breasts become overfilled with milk. By increasing the frequency of feedings, the mother can ensure that her breasts are emptied regularly, helping to relieve the discomfort associated with engorgement. This advice promotes effective milk removal and prevents further accumulation, which can worsen the condition. Applying ice packs may provide temporary relief, but it does not address the underlying issue of milk accumulation. Avoiding breastfeeding can lead to further engorgement and potential complications. Using a breast pump to empty the breasts completely may be necessary in some cases, but increasing the frequency of feedings is the initial and most appropriate intervention to manage breast engorgement.
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A new mother expresses concern about her baby's frequent hiccups. What should the nurse explain about newborn hiccups?
- A. Hiccups are a sign of respiratory distress in newborns.
- B. Hiccups indicate the baby is overeating.
- C. Hiccups are common and usually harmless in newborns.
- D. Hiccups are caused by a lack of burping.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Newborn hiccups are common and usually harmless. They are typically caused by the baby's immature diaphragm and tend to resolve on their own. It is essential for parents to understand that hiccups in newborns are a normal phenomenon and do not necessarily indicate any underlying health issue. Choice A is incorrect because hiccups are not a sign of respiratory distress in newborns. Choice B is incorrect as hiccups do not indicate the baby is overeating. Choice D is also incorrect as hiccups are not solely caused by a lack of burping.
A breastfeeding mother complains of sore nipples. Which intervention should the nurse suggest?
- A. Use a breast pump until nipples heal
- B. Apply lanolin cream after each feeding
- C. Wash nipples with soap and water before and after each feeding
- D. Reduce the frequency of breastfeeding
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct intervention for sore nipples in a breastfeeding mother is to suggest applying lanolin cream after each feeding. Lanolin cream can help soothe and protect the nipples, promoting healing and reducing discomfort. Using a breast pump may not address the underlying issue causing soreness. Washing nipples with soap and water excessively can lead to dryness and further irritation. Reducing breastfeeding frequency may impact milk supply and bonding. Therefore, recommending lanolin cream is the most appropriate intervention to alleviate soreness in this situation.
Are most children with hypertension asymptomatic?
- A. TRUE
- B. FALSE
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The statement is true. In many cases, children with hypertension do not show any symptoms, making it challenging to diagnose them. Regular blood pressure checks are crucial to detect hypertension early, as it can have serious health implications if left untreated. Choice B is incorrect because most children with hypertension do not exhibit symptoms, hence being asymptomatic. Choices C and D are empty as they do not provide additional options.
The healthcare provider is assessing a postpartum client who is 1 day post-delivery. Which finding would require immediate intervention?
- A. Lochia rubra with a few small clots
- B. Fundus firm and midline
- C. Temperature of 100.4°F (38°C)
- D. Saturated perineal pad in 15 minutes
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A saturated perineal pad in 15 minutes indicates excessive bleeding, known as postpartum hemorrhage, which is a critical condition requiring immediate intervention to prevent further complications like hypovolemic shock. Monitoring and managing postpartum bleeding are crucial in the early postpartum period to ensure the client's safety and well-being. The other options are normal postpartum findings: lochia rubra with a few small clots is expected in the early postpartum period, a firm and midline fundus indicates proper uterine contraction, and a temperature of 100.4°F (38°C) is within the normal range for the postpartum period.
The instructor is teaching a group of new mothers about infant care. Which statement indicates that further teaching is needed?
- A. I should put my baby to sleep on their back.
- B. I can give my baby water if they seem thirsty.
- C. Breastfeeding provides all the nutrients my baby needs.
- D. I should burp my baby after each feeding.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Newborns do not need additional water as breast milk or formula provides all the necessary hydration. Giving water to infants can be harmful and is not recommended as it can interfere with the balance of electrolytes in their bodies. Choice A is correct as placing babies on their back for sleep is the recommended safe sleeping position. Choice C is also correct as breastfeeding does provide all the essential nutrients for babies. Choice D is correct as burping the baby after each feeding helps prevent discomfort from trapped air.