Nokea
A case manager is likely to have how many years of nursing education?
- A. 1 to 1.5
- B. 4 to 6
- C. 2
- D. 8 or more
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 2 years. A case manager typically requires a minimum of 2 years of nursing education to effectively coordinate care for patients. This level of education provides the necessary knowledge and skills to assess, plan, implement, and evaluate patient care.
- A: 1 to 1.5 years - Insufficient to acquire the depth of knowledge needed for case management.
- B: 4 to 6 years - Excessive for the role of a case manager, as it typically does not require a bachelor's degree.
- D: 8 or more years - Overqualified for the position of a case manager, as this level of education is beyond what is necessary for the role.
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What is the primary reason older adults with cognitive impairments experience difficulties with medication adherence?
- A. Lack of understanding of the importance of medication
- B. Cognitive decline affecting memory and decision-making
- C. Physical inability to manage medications
- D. Fear of side effects or drug interactions
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cognitive decline affecting memory and decision-making. Older adults with cognitive impairments, such as dementia, may struggle with remembering to take their medications as prescribed and making sound decisions regarding their medication regimen due to cognitive decline. Memory deficits can lead to missed doses, while impaired decision-making can result in improper adherence. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as the primary reason for medication non-adherence in this population is the cognitive decline impacting memory and decision-making, rather than lack of understanding, physical inability, or fear of side effects.
A patient is instructed in the use of pursed lip breathing. The patient asks the nurse the purpose of this technique of breathing pattern. The nurse's best response would be:
- A. Pursed lip breathing exercises help prevent the build-up of secretions
- B. You will be more comfortable if you pursed lip breathe
- C. Pursed lip breathing increases the strength of the respiratory muscles
- D. Pursed lip breathing prevents airway collapse, decreases anxiety, and enhances effective breathing
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because pursed lip breathing helps prevent airway collapse by maintaining positive pressure in the airways, reduces anxiety by promoting relaxation, and enhances effective breathing by improving oxygen exchange. Choice A is incorrect as pursed lip breathing does not directly prevent the build-up of secretions. Choice B is incorrect as comfort is not the primary purpose of pursed lip breathing. Choice C is incorrect as while pursed lip breathing can improve respiratory muscle function, its primary benefit lies in preventing airway collapse, reducing anxiety, and promoting effective breathing.
The nurse provides opportunities for nursing home residents to read aloud to others. Which cognitive skill is this nursing intervention most likely to improve?
- A. Verbal fluency
- B. Logical analysis
- C. Object naming
- D. Visuospatial skills
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Verbal fluency is the correct answer because reading aloud improves language skills, vocabulary, and verbal expression. It requires cognitive processes like word retrieval, organization, and articulation. Logical analysis (B) is not directly related to reading aloud. Object naming (C) focuses on identifying objects visually, not verbally. Visuospatial skills (D) involve understanding and manipulating visual information, not verbal expression. Reading aloud specifically targets verbal fluency by enhancing communication abilities and language processing.
The nurse is providing instructions to a nursing assistant regarding care of an older client with hearing loss. The nurse tells the assistant that clients with a hearing loss:
- A. Respond to low pitched tones.
- B. Have difficulty hearing any frequency of sound.
- C. Need assistance with lip-reading only.
- D. Respond to high-pitched tones more clearly.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because clients with hearing loss typically have difficulty hearing high-pitched tones, making it easier for them to respond to low-pitched tones. Low-pitched tones are easier for individuals with hearing loss to perceive due to the nature of hearing loss affecting the ability to hear higher frequencies. Choice B is incorrect as it is a generalization that does not consider the specific nature of hearing loss. Choice C is incorrect because individuals with hearing loss may require various forms of assistance beyond just lip-reading. Choice D is incorrect as individuals with hearing loss generally struggle more with high-pitched tones.
Which nursing intervention would not help a patient with xerostomia?
- A. Using humidifiers
- B. Using mouth rinses or artificial saliva products
- C. Providing sugar free hard candies
- D. Increasing medications from once a day to twice a day
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because increasing medications would not directly address xerostomia. Xerostomia is dry mouth, often caused by decreased saliva production. Using humidifiers (A) helps increase moisture in the air, mouth rinses/artificial saliva (B) lubricate the mouth, and sugar-free hard candies (C) stimulate saliva production. Increasing medications (D) would not target the root cause of xerostomia and may even exacerbate dry mouth symptoms.