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A charge nurse is making a room assignment for a client who has scabies. In which of the following rooms should the nurse place the client?
- A. A negative-pressure isolation room
- B. A private room
- C. A semi-private room with a client who has pediculosis capitis
- D. A positive-pressure isolation room
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, a private room. Scabies is transmitted through direct skin-to-skin contact, so placing the client in a private room helps prevent spread to others. Choice A, a negative-pressure isolation room, is used for airborne infections. Choice C, a semi-private room with a client who has pediculosis capitis, is incorrect because scabies and head lice are different conditions with different modes of transmission. Choice D, a positive-pressure isolation room, is used to protect immunocompromised individuals from outside pathogens.
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A nurse is delegating tasks to the assistive personnel (AP). The nurse should direct the AP to complete which of the following tasks first?
- A. Assisting a client with a bed bath who has a history of falls
- B. Providing a snack to a diabetic client who is feeling lightheaded
- C. Feeding a client who has bilateral casts due to upper arm fractures
- D. Ambulating a postoperative client for the first time
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because providing a snack to a diabetic client who is feeling lightheaded addresses an immediate physiological need. Hypoglycemia can lead to serious complications and needs to be addressed promptly to prevent harm. Choices A, C, and D involve important tasks but do not address an urgent physiological need like hypoglycemia. Assisting a client with a bed bath, feeding a client with bilateral casts, or ambulating a postoperative client can be prioritized based on the client's condition and safety but do not take precedence over addressing a potential medical emergency like hypoglycemia.
A nurse is providing care to a client with Myasthenia gravis who has lost 6 kg of weight over the past 2 months. What should the nurse suggest to improve this client's nutritional status?
- A. Restrict drinking fluids before and during meals
- B. Plan medication doses to occur before meals
- C. Increase the amount of fat and carbohydrates in meals
- D. Eat three large meals per day
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Plan medication doses to occur before meals. This is because Myasthenia gravis can cause difficulty swallowing, leading to weight loss. Taking medication before meals can enhance the client's ability to eat by improving muscle strength for swallowing and chewing. Restricting fluids (A) may exacerbate swallowing difficulties. Increasing fat and carbohydrates (C) can lead to weight gain but may not address the swallowing issue. Eating three large meals (D) may be challenging for someone with swallowing difficulties.
A nurse advises a client with osteoporosis to have three servings of milk or dairy products daily. Which of the following levels of prevention is being used by the nurse?
- A. Secondary prevention
- B. Primary prevention
- C. Proactive prevention
- D. Tertiary prevention
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Primary prevention. This is because the nurse is promoting strategies to prevent osteoporosis from developing in the first place. By advising the client to have three servings of milk or dairy products daily, the nurse is focusing on educating and promoting healthy behaviors to reduce the risk of osteoporosis.
A: Secondary prevention involves early detection and treatment of a disease to prevent complications.
C: Proactive prevention is not a recognized term in public health and prevention frameworks.
D: Tertiary prevention focuses on managing and treating existing conditions to prevent further complications.
In summary, the nurse's advice falls under primary prevention as it aims to prevent the onset of osteoporosis through promoting healthy behaviors.
The public health nurse is assigned to the population of clients in an inner-city community. The nurse identifies which of the following as a priority intervention?
- A. Develop a survey on teen pregnancies
- B. Hold a focus group to discuss immunizations
- C. Perform a windshield survey
- D. Interview the elderly at the senior's center
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Perform a windshield survey. This is the priority intervention because it involves assessing the community's overall health needs and resources by physically observing the environment. It helps in identifying key health issues, resources, and potential areas for intervention. Developing a survey on teen pregnancies (A) may be important but not a priority without assessing the community first. Holding a focus group on immunizations (B) is valuable but may not address the broader health needs of the community. Interviewing the elderly at the senior's center (D) is specific and may not represent the entire community.
A nurse is providing education regarding biologic threats. When discussing anthrax, which of the following should be included as potential portals of entry? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY
- A. Central nervous system
- B. Integumentary system
- C. Respiratory system
- D. Renal system
- E. Gastrointestinal system
Correct Answer: B,C,E
Rationale: The correct answer includes the integumentary system (B), respiratory system (C), and gastrointestinal system (E) as potential portals of entry for anthrax. Anthrax can enter the body through broken skin (integumentary system), inhalation of spores (respiratory system), or ingestion of contaminated food/water (gastrointestinal system). The central nervous system (A) and renal system (D) are not typical routes of entry for anthrax. Central nervous system is not a common portal for anthrax entry, and the renal system is not a primary site for anthrax spore invasion.