Nokea
A child born with Trisomy 21 should be evaluated for which associated cardiac manifestation?
- A. Systemic hypertension
- B. Congenital heart defect
- C. Hyperlipidemia
- D. Cardiomyopathy
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Children with Trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) have a high incidence of congenital heart defects, such as atrioventricular septal defects, and should be evaluated for these conditions.
You may also like to solve these questions
Recognised associations of Addison's disease include:
- A. Neurofibromatosis
- B. Phaeochromocytoma
- C. IDDM
- D. Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because IDDM (insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus) is a recognized association of Addison's disease. The other options (a, b, d, e) are less commonly associated.
Which is an important nursing consideration when chest tubes will be removed from a child?
- A. Explain that it is not painful.
- B. Explain that only a Band-Aid will be needed.
- C. Administer analgesics before the procedure.
- D. Expect bright red drainage for several hours after removal.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: It is appropriate to prepare the child for the removal of chest tubes with analgesics. Short-acting medications can be used that are administered through an existing IV line. A sharp, momentary pain is felt. This should not be misrepresented to the child. A petroleum gauze, air-tight dressing will be needed, but it is not a pain-free procedure. Little or no drainage should be found on removal.
One of the following is a characteristic physical finding in patients with an ASD
- A. a right precordial bulge
- B. a fixed splitting of the second heart sound
- C. a systolic ejection heart murmur
- D. a short, mild left mid-diastolic murmur
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fixed splitting of the second heart sound is a hallmark of an atrial septal defect.
The radiographic finding of notching of the ribs is associated with
- A. pulmonary hypertension
- B. anomalous pulmonary venous return above the diaphragm
- C. coarctation of the aorta
- D. systemic hypertension
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rib notching is a classic radiographic sign of coarctation of the aorta due to collateral vessel development.
Coarctation of aorta is:
- A. Commonly associated with Turner's syndrome
- B. Inherited as autosomal dominant
- C. Associated with intracranial aneurysms
- D. Excluded from the diagnosis in the presence of femoral pulses
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Coarctation of the aorta is commonly associated with Turner's syndrome, a chromosomal condition affecting females.