Nokea
A child has an elevated antistreptolysin O (ASO) titer. Which combination of symptoms, in conjunction with this finding, would confirm a diagnosis of rheumatic fever?
- A. Subcutaneous nodules and fever
- B. Painful, tender joints, and carditis
- C. Erythema marginatum and arthralgia
- D. Chorea and elevated sedimentation rate
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The presence of two major Jones criteria would indicate a high probability of rheumatic fever.
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In Wilson's disease:
- A. There is an association with high caeruloplasmin levels
- B. Hepatic copper deposition is pathognomonic
- C. There is increased urinary excretion of copper
- D. There are copper deposits on the cornea
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Copper deposits on the cornea (Kayser-Fleischer rings) are a hallmark of Wilson's disease, a genetic disorder leading to copper accumulation in tissues.
A hospitalized client with chemotherapy-induced stomatitis complains of mouth pain. What is the best initial nursing action?
- A. Encourage frequent mouth care
- B. Cleanse the tongue and mouth with glycerin swabs
- C. Obtain a soft diet for the client
- D. Administer a topical analgesic per PRN protocol.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Administering a topical analgesic provides immediate pain relief, allowing the client to tolerate mouth care and other interventions.
Water excretion:
- A. Is influenced by the proximal tubule
- B. Is influenced by vasopressin
- C. Depends on erythropoietin
- D. Is influenced by the ascending limb of the loop of Henle
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Is influenced by vasopressin
What are THREE long-term complications in repaired Tetralogy of Fallot?
- A. Arrhythmia
- B. Pulmonary valve insufficiency
- C. Sudden Death
- D. Recurrent PS
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Patients with repaired Tetralogy of Fallot are at risk of long-term complications such as recurrent pulmonary stenosis, arrhythmias, and valve insufficiencies.
What is the primary nursing intervention to prevent bacterial endocarditis?
- A. Institute measures to prevent dental procedures.
- B. Counsel parents of high-risk children about prophylactic antibiotics.
- C. Observe children for complications, such as embolism and heart failure.
- D. Encourage restricted mobility in susceptible children.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The objective of nursing care is to counsel the parents of high-risk children about both the need for prophylactic antibiotics for dental procedures and the necessity of maintaining excellent oral health. The child’s dentist should be aware of the child’s cardiac condition. Dental procedures should be done to maintain a high level of oral health. Prophylactic antibiotics are necessary. Children should be observed for complications such as embolism and heart failure and restricted mobility should be encouraged in susceptible children, but maintaining good oral health and prophylactic antibiotics is important.