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A child has been diagnosed with a severe walnut allergy after suffering an anaphylactic reaction. What is a priority for health education?
- A. The need to begin immunotherapy as soon as possible
- B. The need for the parents to carry an epinephrine pen
- C. The need to vigilantly maintain the childs immunization status
- D. The need for the child to avoid all foods that have a high potential for allergies
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: The need for the parents to carry an epinephrine pen. This is the priority for health education because in case of another anaphylactic reaction to walnuts, immediate administration of epinephrine can be life-saving. Immunotherapy (choice A) is not the primary focus in an emergency situation. Maintaining immunization status (choice C) is important but not as critical as having an epinephrine pen. Avoiding high potential allergens (choice D) is important but having an epinephrine pen takes precedence in managing severe allergic reactions.
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A nurse is using the RESPECT mnemonic to establishrapport, the “R” in RESPECT. Which actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.)
- A. Connect on a social level.
- B. Help the patient overcome barriers.
- C. Consciously attempt to suspend judgment.
- D. Stress that they will be working together to address problems.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Connect on a social level. In the RESPECT mnemonic, "R" stands for "Rapport," which is crucial in building a therapeutic relationship with the patient. Connecting on a social level helps establish trust, empathy, and understanding between the nurse and the patient. This connection can lead to better communication, collaboration, and ultimately improved patient outcomes.
Summary:
- Choice B: Helping the patient overcome barriers is important but not specifically related to establishing rapport in the RESPECT mnemonic.
- Choice C: Suspending judgment is important for effective communication but does not directly address building rapport.
- Choice D: Stressing collaboration is valuable but does not specifically focus on connecting on a social level to build rapport.
A student nurse is doing clinical hours at an OB/GYN clinic. The student is helping to develop a plan of care for a patient with gonorrhea who has presented at the clinic. The student should include which of the following in the care plan for this patient?
- A. The patient may benefit from oral contraceptives.
- B. The patient must avoid use of tampons.
- C. The patient is susceptible to urinary incontinence.
- D. The patient should also be treated for chlamydia.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Correct Answer: D - The patient should also be treated for chlamydia.
Rationale:
1. Gonorrhea and chlamydia often coexist, so it is crucial to treat both infections to prevent complications.
2. Treating only gonorrhea may not fully resolve the patient's symptoms or prevent reinfection.
3. Dual therapy for gonorrhea and chlamydia is recommended to ensure optimal care for the patient.
Summary of Incorrect Choices:
A: The patient may benefit from oral contraceptives - This is not directly related to the treatment of gonorrhea.
B: The patient must avoid use of tampons - This is not a standard recommendation for managing gonorrhea.
C: The patient is susceptible to urinary incontinence - This is not a typical complication of gonorrhea.
In determining malnourishment in a patient, which assessment finding is consistent with this disorder?
- A. Moist lips
- B. Pink conjunctivae
- C. Spoon-shaped nails
- D. Not easily plucked hair
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: Malnourishment often leads to iron deficiency anemia, causing spoon-shaped nails (koilonychia).
Step 2: Koilonychia is a classic sign of chronic malnutrition and iron deficiency.
Step 3: Moist lips (A) and pink conjunctivae (B) are not specific to malnourishment.
Step 4: Not easily plucked hair (D) is more related to hair health rather than malnutrition.
A patient has tested HIV-positive and has now discovered that she is pregnant. Which statement indicates that she understands the risks of this diagnosis?
- A. “I know I will need to have an abortion as soon as possible.”
- B. “Even though my test is positive, my baby might not be affected.”
- C. “My baby is certain to have AIDS and die within the first year of life.”
- D. “This pregnancy will probably decrease the chance that I will develop AIDS.”
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because it shows an understanding that being HIV-positive does not guarantee transmission to the baby. The statement acknowledges the possibility of the baby not being affected, which demonstrates awareness of the varying outcomes. Choice A is incorrect as it assumes abortion is the only option. Choice C is incorrect as it makes an extreme and inaccurate claim. Choice D is incorrect as pregnancy does not decrease the chance of developing AIDS.
During discharge teaching the nurse realizes that the patient is not able to read medication bottles accurately and has not been taking her medications consistently at home. How should the nurse intervene most appropriately in this situation?
- A. Ask the social worker to investigate alternative housing arrangements.
- B. Ask the social worker to investigate community support agencies.
- C. Encourage the patient to explore surgical corrections for the vision problem.
- D. Arrange for referral to a rehabilitation facility for vision training.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. The nurse should arrange for a referral to a rehabilitation facility for vision training. This option directly addresses the patient's inability to read medication bottles accurately due to a vision problem. Vision training can help improve the patient's ability to manage medication independently.
A: Asking the social worker to investigate alternative housing arrangements is not relevant to the patient's vision problem affecting medication management.
B: Asking the social worker to investigate community support agencies may not directly address the patient's vision issue and medication management.
C: Encouraging the patient to explore surgical corrections for the vision problem is not appropriate without considering less invasive options first, such as vision training.