Nokea
A child has third-degree burns of the hands, face, and chest. Which nursing diagnosis takes priority?
- A. Ineffective airway clearance related to edema
- B. Disturbed body image related to physical appearance
- C. Impaired urinary elimination related to fluid loss
- D. Risk for infection related to epidermal disruption
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Airway clearance is the top priority in burn patients, especially with facial burns, as swelling can obstruct the airway.
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All of the following are conditions with combined cellular and antibody immunodeficiency, except
- A. Ataxia telangiectasia
- B. Reticular dysgenesis
- C. Common variable immunodeficiency
- D. Severe combined immunodeficiency
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is primarily an antibody deficiency, not a combined immunodeficiency.
In the treatment of hypothyroidism in children:
- A. Levodopa is the treatment of choice
- B. Levothyroxine should be used
- C. Triiodothyronine is the first line treatment
- D. Carbimazole is indicated
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Levothyroxine is the treatment of choice for hypothyroidism, as it replaces the deficient thyroid hormone and helps normalize metabolic functions.
All the following are signs of coarctation of the aorta EXCEPT
- A. femoral pulses are weak or absent
- B. bounding pulses of the arms
- C. blood pressure in the legs is lower than that in the arms
- D. precordial impulse and heart sounds are usually normal
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In coarctation of the aorta, femoral pulses are delayed or absent, not bounding.
Causes of a dilated renal pelvis in a foetal scan include:
- A. Normal variant
- B. Vesico-ureteric reflux
- C. Pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction
- D. Multicystic kidney
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A dilated renal pelvis can be a normal variant in a foetal scan, often resolving spontaneously without intervention.
Regarding iron deficiency anemia, which of the following is true?
- A. Ferritin levels are elevated
- B. Red blood cell count is usually normal
- C. Hemoglobin is usually decreased
- D. Serum iron levels are elevated
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In iron deficiency anemia, hemoglobin levels are usually decreased due to insufficient iron for red blood cell production.