Nokea
A child is being cared for following a head injury. Which of the following findings should indicate to the healthcare provider that the child is developing diabetes insipidus?
- A. Urine specific gravity of 1.045
- B. Sodium level of 155
- C. Blood glucose level of 45
- D. Urine output of 35 ml per hour
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In a child with a head injury, the development of diabetes insipidus can occur due to pituitary hypofunction, leading to a deficiency of antidiuretic hormone. An elevated sodium level (hypernatremia) is a key finding in diabetes insipidus due to the excessive loss of free water in the urine, resulting in increased sodium concentration in the blood.
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Diagnosis of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children up to the age of 16 years requires the presence of at least
- A. 4 symptoms of inattention or4 symptoms of hyperactivity-impulsivity for at least 4 months in two or more environments
- B. 5 symptoms of inattention or 5 symptoms of hyperactivity-impulsivity for at least 5 months in two or more environments
- C. 6 symptoms of inattention or 6 symptoms of hyperactivity-impulsivity for at least 6 months in two or more environments
- D. 6 symptoms of inattention or 6 symptoms of hyperactivity-impulsivity for at least 3 months
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Upper respiratory infections (URI) in children may increase the risk of reactive airway disease. Which of the following is NOT a typical feature of URI?
- A. Fever
- B. Clear rhinorrhea
- C. Injected sclerae
- D. Productive cough
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
How should professionals communicate with parents and family members?
- A. Share information with both parents to distribute the stress equally
- B. Share information with one parent to ensure accuracy
- C. Share information with all individuals who interact with the child, whether family or not
- D. Provide information in writing exclusively to ensure clear communication
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When professionals communicate with parents and family members, it is essential to share information with all individuals who interact with the child, whether they are family members or not. This inclusive approach ensures that everyone involved in the child's care and well-being is well-informed and can provide support as needed. It is important to consider the broader network of individuals who play a role in the child's life to promote comprehensive and effective communication.
A 1-week-old infant develops pulmonary hypertension following repair of a congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Which of the following lab findings is MOST likely to be a contributing factor to this patient's hypertension?
- A. PaCO2 50
- B. pH 7.50
- C. PaO2 150 mmHg
- D. N/A
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
A parent of a child with oral candidiasis is being taught by a nurse. Which statement by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching?
- A. I will boil the nipples and pacifiers for 20 minutes each day.
- B. I will stop the medication as soon as the spots disappear.
- C. I will apply an over-the-counter steroid cream to the spots.
- D. I will mix the medication in my child's bottle.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Boiling the nipples and pacifiers for 20 minutes each day is an appropriate measure to prevent reinfection of oral candidiasis. This practice helps eliminate the Candida fungus from these items, reducing the risk of the child getting reinfected. It is crucial for the parent to follow this hygienic practice consistently to ensure the child's recovery and prevent the spread of the infection.