A child is to receive heparin sodium 5 units per kilogram of body weight by subcutaneous route every 4 hours. The child weighs 52.8 lb. How many units should the child receive in a 24-hour period?
- A. 300
- B. 480
- C. 720
- D. 960
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Weight: 52.8 lb ÷ 2.2 = 24 kg. Dose: 5 units/kg × 24 kg = 120 units every 4 hours. 24 hours ÷ 4 = 6 doses/day. 120 × 6 = 720 units/day.
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An adolescent client with cystic acne has a prescription for Accutane (isotretinoin). Which lab work is needed before beginning the medication?
- A. Complete blood count
- B. Clean-catch urinalysis
- C. Liver profile
- D. Thyroid function test
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A liver profile is required before starting isotretinoin due to its potential hepatotoxicity, ensuring safe administration.
The primary cause of anemia in a client with chronic renal failure is:
- A. Poor iron absorption
- B. Destruction of red blood cells
- C. Lack of intrinsic factor
- D. Insufficient erythropoietin
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Chronic renal failure reduces erythropoietin production by the kidneys, leading to decreased red blood cell production and anemia.
Which person is at greatest risk for developing Lyme's disease?
- A. Computer programmer
- B. Elementary teacher
- C. Veterinarian
- D. Landscaper
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Landscapers are at higher risk for Lyme disease due to frequent exposure to tick-infested outdoor environments, where the disease is transmitted.
The nurse is teaching a client with limited mobility about preventing blood clots. Which statement by the nurse is correct?
- A. Do not cross your legs when sitting.
- B. Avoid riding in a car for more than two hours.
- C. Put a pillow under your knees when lying in bed.
- D. You should ask your doctor to give you a blood thinner.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Crossing legs can impede venous return, increasing clot risk, so avoiding this is correct. Long car rides are a risk but not limited to two hours, and pillows under knees can worsen circulation.
The nurse is caring for a client with advanced heart failure and cardiomyopathy. The nurse understands that involving nursing, nutritional services, cardiology, and pharmacy in the client's care team is an example of which approach?
- A. peer review
- B. team nursing
- C. multidisciplinary
- D. community nursing
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A multidisciplinary approach integrates multiple specialties for comprehensive care, as seen with nursing, nutrition, cardiology, and pharmacy.
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