Nokea
A child who has leukemia is to have a bone marrow biopsy performed. How will the child be positioned for this procedure?
- A. On his side with the top knee flexed
- B. Prone
- C. Modified Trendelenburg position
- D. On his back with his head elevated 30 degrees
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The prone position is used for a bone marrow biopsy from the iliac crest to access the site safely.
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The client asks the nurse to look at a lesion on the client’s body. Which characteristics should prompt the nurse to consider that the client may have a basal cell carcinoma (BCC)?
- A. Nodular in appearance, depression in the center, and has a “pearly” characteristic
- B. Irregular color, surface, and border, less than one centimeter, and appears eroded
- C. Dry, hyperkeratotic scaly-like papule and has the appearance similar to a wart
- D. Vesiculopustular lesion with a thick, honey-colored crust and pruritic in nature
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: BCC is nodular and ulcerative. Clinical manifestations include small, slowly enlarging papule; borders are translucent or “pearly” with overlying telangiectasia; erosion, ulceration, and depression of center. B. Clinical manifestations of malignant melanoma (not BCC) include irregular color, surface, and border; variegation of color including red, white, blue, black, gray, brown; flat or elevated; eroded or ulcerated. C. Actinic keratosis (not BCC) is characterized by being horny and “wartlike.” D. Impetigo is characterized by thick, honey-colored crusts and is treated with antibiotics and topical treatment.
The nurse is completing a care plan for a client diagnosed with leukemia. Which independent problem should be addressed?
- A. Infection.
- B. Anemia.
- C. Nutrition.
- D. Grieving.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Infection (A) is critical in leukemia due to neutropenia, requiring independent nursing actions (e.g., hygiene). Anemia (B), nutrition (C), and grieving (D) are collaborative or secondary.
Which interrelated psychological concept is priority for the nurse caring for a client diagnosed with leukemia?
- A. Comfort.
- B. Stress.
- C. Grieving.
- D. Coping.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Leukemia’s life-threatening nature makes grieving (C) a priority, addressing loss of health. Comfort (A), stress (B), and coping (D) are secondary.
The client diagnosed with esophageal cancer is having work-related problems that are interfering with the client's treatment. Which organization should the nurse advise the client to contact for assistance with these issues?
- A. National Cancer Institute
- B. Leukemia Society of America
- C. Corporate Angel Network
- D. Patient Advocate Foundation
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A. The National Cancer Institute answers questions and has free information about cancer. B. The Leukemia Society of America provides education regarding leukemia. C. The Corporate Angel Network provides free plane transportation for cancer clients going to and from treatment centers. D. The Patient Advocate Foundation provides counseling to resolve job-related problems.
A 1-year-old is admitted to the hospital with sickle cell anemia in crisis. Upon admission, which therapy will assume priority?
- A. Fluid administration
- B. Exchange transfusion
- C. Anticoagulant
- D. IM administration of iron and folic acid
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Fluid administration is the priority in sickle cell crisis to prevent dehydration and reduce blood viscosity, which can worsen sickling.