Nokea
A child with iron deficiency anemia is prescribed oral iron supplements. What should the nurse instruct the parents regarding administration?
- A. Administer the iron with milk for better absorption
- B. Expect stools to be tarry and black
- C. Give the iron supplement through a straw to avoid staining teeth
- D. Iron supplements are best absorbed when taken with food
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Using a straw minimizes tooth staining from liquid iron, a common side effect. Iron is best absorbed on an empty stomach, and milk reduces absorption; tarry stools are expected but not the focus of administration instruction.
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What does the nurse explain can affect the survival of the X- and Y-bearing sperm after intercourse?
- A. Age
- B. Estrogen level
- C. Body temperature
- D. Level of feminine hygiene
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Estrogen levels and the $\mathrm{pH}$ of the female reproductive tract can affect the survival of the X- and Y-bearing sperm as well as their motility.
An urban area has been reported to have a high perinatal mortality rate. What information does this provide?
- A. Maternal and infant deaths per 100,000 live births per year
- B. Deaths of fetuses weighing more than $500 \mathrm{~g}$ per 10,000 births per year
- C. Deaths of infants up to 1 year of age per 1000 live births per year
- D. Fetal and neonatal deaths per 1000 live births per year
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The perinatal mortality rate includes fetal and neonatal deaths per 1000 live births per year.
The nurse is aware that the diagonal conjugate is 12 centimeters. What is the measurement in centimeters of the obstetric conjugate?
- A. 10 to 10.5
- B. 11 to 11.5
- C. 12.5 to 13
- D. 14 to 14.5
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The obstetric conjugate is approximately 1.5 to 2 centimeters shorter than the diagonal conjugate.
Which of the following toys should the nurse recommend for a 5-month-old?
- A. A big red balloon
- B. A teddy bear with button eyes
- C. A push-pull wooden truck
- D. A colorful busy box
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A busy box facilitates the fine motor development that occurs between 4 and 6 months. Balloons are contraindicated because small children may aspirate balloons. Because the button eyes of a teddy bear may detach and be aspirated, this toy is unsafe for children younger than 3 years. A 5-month-old is too young to use a push-pull toy.
When assessing a child with a cleft palate, the nurse is aware that the child is at risk for more frequent episodes of otitis media due to which of the following?
- A. Lowered resistance from malnutrition
- B. Ineffective functioning of the Eustachian tubes
- C. Plugging of the Eustachian tubes with food particles
- D. Associated congenital defects of the middle ear.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Because of the structural defect, children with cleft palate may have ineffective functioning of their Eustachian tubes creating frequent bouts of otitis media.