Nokea
A child with leukemia is prone to
- A. Bleeding
- B. Infection
- C. Anemia
- D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: All D result from leukemia, per document p57, 7.
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A 6-month-old infant presents with wheezing and retractions. Chest x-ray shows hyperinflation. Most likely diagnosis is:
- A. Pneumonia
- B. Bronchiolitis
- C. Cystic fibrosis
- D. Asthma
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Bronchiolitis features wheezing and hyperinflation, per AAP. A, C-E differ.
When a parent asks the nurse to describe what is meant by a 'learning disability,' the nurse's most helpful response would be:
- A. It is characterized by inattention, impulsiveness, and hyperactivity'
- B. A child may have difficulty with perception, language, comprehension, or memory'
- C. The child's intellectual ability limits his learning'
- D. The child has difficulty learning because of brain damage'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A learning disability (B) involves challenges in perception, language, or comprehension despite normal intelligence. A describes ADHD, C implies low IQ, and D suggests injury, not typical. Document: 'Children with learning disabilities may have… difficulties in perception, language, comprehension.'
Most common complication of untreated congenital adrenal hyperplasia is:
- A. Adrenal crisis
- B. Sexual infantilism
- C. Hirsutism
- D. Precocious puberty
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Adrenal crisis is the most serious complication of untreated CAH due to cortisol deficiency, per AAP (doc p148, Q558).
The best growth chart indicator in patients with acute malnutrition is:
- A. Body mass index (BMI)
- B. Body weight
- C. Weight-for-height
- D. Head circumference
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Weight-for-height best detects acute malnutrition (wasting), per WHO. BMI is less specific in kids, and B-D assess other aspects.
The nurse is explaining to a 17-year-old female the actions to prevent urinary tract infection. The nurse determines the adolescent understands the information when she says a good drink to keep urine acidic is:
- A. Milk
- B. Grape juice
- C. Apple juice
- D. Orange juice
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Apple juice (C) acidifies urine, deterring UTIs. Milk (A) is neutral, grape (B) less effective, and orange (D) is acidic but less cited. Document: 'Juices such as apple or cranberry help maintain acidity of urine.'