Nokea
A child with thalassemia was given deferoxamine (Desferal); which of the following should alert the nurse to notify the physician?
- A. Decreased hearing
- B. Hypertension
- C. Red urine
- D. Vomiting
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Deferoxamine is a chelating agent used to treat iron overload in patients such as those with thalassemia. One of the serious side effects of deferoxamine is ototoxicity, which can manifest as decreased hearing or ringing in the ears. Therefore, if a child with thalassemia who is taking deferoxamine experiences a decrease in hearing, the nurse should promptly notify the physician for further evaluation and possible adjustment of the treatment plan to prevent further hearing damage. Hypertension, red urine, and vomiting are possible side effects of deferoxamine, but decreased hearing is the most concerning side effect that requires immediate attention due to the risk of permanent damage.
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A nurse is planning a teaching session for parents of preschool children. Which statement explains why the nurse should include information about morbidity and mortality?
- A. Life span statistics are included in the data.
- B. It explains effectiveness of treatment.
- C. Cost-effective treatment is detailed for the general population.
- D. High-risk age groups for certain disorders or hazards are identified.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Including information about morbidity and mortality is important in a teaching session for parents of preschool children because it helps identify high-risk age groups for certain disorders or hazards. By understanding which age groups are more vulnerable to specific health issues, parents can take proactive steps to protect their children and promote their overall well-being. This information also enables parents to recognize signs and symptoms early on, leading to timely interventions and better outcomes for their children's health.
Ms. CC's laboratory values indicate hemoconcentration secondary to fluid loss. Which of the following intravenous solutions would be most appropriate during initial fluid replacement therapy?
- A. 10% dextrose and saline
- B. 5% dextrose and water
- C. 5% dextrose and water with 60 mEq
- D. Distilled water KCl
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In hemoconcentration due to fluid loss, the primary goal is to rapidly expand the intravascular volume and correct the deficit. The most appropriate intravenous solution for initial fluid replacement therapy in this case is 10% dextrose and saline. This solution is isotonic, which means it has an osmolarity close to that of blood and is effective in quickly restoring intravascular volume without causing significant shifts in electrolytes. The saline component helps to replenish lost electrolytes while the dextrose provides energy and helps prevent hypoglycemia. The combination of dextrose and saline is beneficial for addressing both intravascular volume depletion and dehydration causing hemoconcentration.
Between 2-6 months of life, all are true about infant sleep EXCEPT
- A. total sleep hours are about 14-16 hr/24 hr
- B. sleeps about 9-10 hr concentrated at night
- C. sleeps 2 naps/day
- D. the sleep cycle time is similar to that of adults
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Infant sleep cycles are shorter and differ from adult patterns.
You are examining an infant with multiple cutaneous hemangiomas; you suspect involvement of internal organs. The MOST common site of visceral involvement by hemangiomas is
- A. brain
- B. heart
- C. lung
- D. liver
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Liver is the most common site of visceral involvement by hemangiomas.
A client with pernicious anemia is receiving parenteral vitamin B12 therapy. Which client statement indicates effective teaching about this therapy?
- A. "I will receive parenteral vitamin B12 therapy until my signs and symptoms disappear."
- B. "I will receive parenteral vitamin B12 therapy until my vitamin B12 level returns to normal."
- C. "I will receive parenteral vitamin B12 therapy monthly for 6 months to a year."
- D. "I will receive parenteral vitamin B12 therapy for the rest of my life."
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct client statement indicating effective teaching about parenteral vitamin B12 therapy for pernicious anemia is, "I will receive parenteral vitamin B12 therapy for the rest of my life." Pernicious anemia is a condition in which the body cannot absorb enough vitamin B12 from food due to a lack of intrinsic factor, a protein produced in the stomach. As a result, lifelong B12 supplementation is necessary to maintain adequate levels of the vitamin. Monthly injections are typically recommended for life to ensure proper B12 levels and prevent complications associated with the deficiency.