Nokea
A child with thrush has been prescribed fluconazole (Diflucan). The child's mother asks what this medication is used for, and the nurse correctly replies,
- A. This is an antiviral medication used to treat your child's viral infection.'
- B. This medication is used to treat yeast infections.'
- C. This medication is an analgesic that will ease your child's pain while eating.'
- D. This is an antibiotic for your child's bacterial infection.'
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fluconazole is an antifungal used to treat thrush, a yeast infection caused by Candida.
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A client with a fractured hip is being taught correct use of the walker. The nurse is aware that the correct use of the walker is achieved if the:
- A. Palms rest lightly on the handles
- B. Elbows are flexed 0°
- C. Client walks to the front of the walker
- D. Client carries the walker
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Palms resting lightly on the handles ensures proper weight distribution and stability.
The nurse is caring for a neonate whose mother is diabetic. The nurse will expect the neonate to be:
- A. Hypoglycemic, small for gestational age
- B. Hyperglycemic, large for gestational age
- C. Hypoglycemic, large for gestational age
- D. Hyperglycemic, small for gestational age
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Neonates of diabetic mothers are often large for gestational age and at risk for hypoglycemia due to maternal glucose levels.
Which type of endotracheal tube is recommended by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) for reducing the risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia?
- A. Uncuffed
- B. CASS
- C. Fenestrated
- D. Nasotracheal
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: CASS (continuous aspiration of subglottic secretions) tubes reduce ventilator-associated pneumonia by removing secretions.
Which of the following findings are indicative of peripheral arterial insufficiency? Select all that apply.
- A. Throbbing, cramping pain that increases with exercise.
- B. Aching pain that increases with dependency.
- C. Capillary refill time of less than two seconds.
- D. Shiny skin with decreased hair.
- E. Brown pigment about the ankles and lower legs.
- F. Pale color on elevation and redness on dependency.
Correct Answer: A,D,F
Rationale: Peripheral arterial insufficiency causes throbbing pain with exercise (A), shiny skin with hair loss (D), and pale color on elevation with redness on dependency (F). Aching pain with dependency (B) and brown pigment (E) suggest venous insufficiency, and capillary refill <2 seconds (C) is normal.
The mother of a male child with cystic fibrosis tells the nurse that she hopes her son's children won't have the disease. The nurse is aware that:
- A. There is a 25% chance that his children will have cystic fibrosis.
- B. Most of the males with cystic fibrosis are sterile.
- C. There is a 50% chance that his children will be carriers.
- D. Most males with cystic fibrosis are capable of having children, so genetic counseling is advised.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Most males with cystic fibrosis are sterile due to congenital absence of the vas deferens, significantly reducing the likelihood of having biological children.