Nokea
A manager is working on the personnel budget for the year. The manager anticipates needing to replace 832 benefit hours. How many FTEs (Full-Time Equivalents) will be needed for replacement?
- A. 0.40 FTEs
- B. 17.0 FTEs
- C. 0.05 FTEs
- D. 1.0 FTEs
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: To determine the FTEs needed, divide the total benefit hours by the standard annual benefit hours for a full-time employee. In this case, 832 benefit hours / 2080 standard annual benefit hours = 0.4 FTEs (Choice A). This is because an FTE represents the hours worked by one full-time employee in a year.
Choice B (17.0 FTEs) is incorrect as it is significantly higher than the calculated 0.4 FTEs. Choice C (0.05 FTEs) is too low and does not accurately reflect the number of FTEs needed for 832 benefit hours. Choice D (1.0 FTEs) is incorrect as it assumes that 832 benefit hours equal the standard annual benefit hours for one full-time employee, which is not the case here.
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A registered nurse (RN) is caring for a patient who is one of Jehovah’s Witnesses and has refused a blood transfusion even though her hemoglobin is dangerously low. After providing information about all the alternatives available and risks and benefits of each, the health-care provider allows the patient to determine which course of treatment she would prefer. The RN knows this is an example of which ethical principle?
- A. Autonomy
- B. Nonmaleficence
- C. Beneficence
- D. Distributive justice
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Autonomy. Autonomy is the ethical principle that emphasizes respecting the patient's right to make their own decisions about their healthcare. In this scenario, the RN respects the patient's autonomy by providing all necessary information and allowing the patient to choose whether or not to accept a blood transfusion, despite the potential risks. This decision-making process aligns with the patient's right to self-determination.
Summary of other choices:
B: Nonmaleficence - Focuses on avoiding harm to the patient, but in this case, the patient's autonomy takes precedence over nonmaleficence.
C: Beneficence - Involves acting in the patient's best interest, but in this scenario, the patient's autonomy to make decisions is the primary focus.
D: Distributive justice - Concerns fair distribution of resources, which is not directly relevant to the patient's right to autonomy in decision-making.
What is the main focus of the Six Sigma methodology in healthcare?
- A. Reducing healthcare costs
- B. Improving patient satisfaction
- C. Enhancing clinical decision making
- D. Increasing healthcare access
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The main focus of Six Sigma methodology in healthcare is enhancing clinical decision making. This is because Six Sigma aims to reduce variations and defects in processes, leading to improved quality and efficiency. By enhancing clinical decision making, healthcare providers can make more accurate and timely decisions, resulting in better patient outcomes.
Incorrect choices:
A: Reducing healthcare costs is a common goal in healthcare improvement initiatives but not the main focus of Six Sigma.
B: Improving patient satisfaction is important but not the primary focus of Six Sigma, which aims at process improvement.
D: Increasing healthcare access is crucial, but it is not the main focus of Six Sigma, which is more about quality improvement within existing processes.
A recent ethical issue has resulted in uneasiness and discomfort for several nurses on a unit. The unit manager has decided to discuss the issues at the next team meeting. The situation has resulted in which of the following for some of the nurses?
- A. Moral suffering
- B. Moral distress
- C. Ethical dilemma
- D. Veracity
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Moral distress. Moral distress occurs when individuals know the ethically correct action to take but are constrained from doing so due to various reasons, such as organizational constraints or lack of support. In this scenario, the nurses feel unease and discomfort due to an ethical issue, indicating a conflict between their moral values and actions. The unit manager addressing the issue at the team meeting suggests that the nurses are experiencing moral distress.
A: Moral suffering is a broader term encompassing various negative emotions related to moral issues, not specifically the conflict between knowing the right action and being unable to act on it like in moral distress.
C: Ethical dilemma refers to a situation where individuals must choose between conflicting moral principles, which is not explicitly described in the scenario.
D: Veracity refers to truthfulness or honesty and is not directly related to the nurses' uneasiness and discomfort in dealing with the ethical issue.
A nurse supervisor is planning an educational session for her staff regarding improving teamwork among different generations. Which of the following recommendations will reduce potential generational conflicts?
- A. Involve only millennials in technology decisions.
- B. Focus on the team as a whole, rather than individual generations.
- C. Involve only the baby boomers in technology decisions.
- D. Practice active and assertive communication techniques.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, practicing active and assertive communication techniques. This recommendation is effective in reducing potential generational conflicts because clear and direct communication helps bridge the gap between different generations by promoting understanding and mutual respect. By using active listening and assertively expressing thoughts and feelings, team members can communicate effectively and resolve conflicts efficiently.
Summary:
A: Involving only millennials in technology decisions can lead to exclusion of other generations, increasing conflicts.
B: Focusing on the team as a whole is important, but specific strategies for addressing generational differences are necessary.
C: Involving only baby boomers in technology decisions can create resentment and conflict among other generations.
A registered nurse (RN) who usually uses public transportation has not renewed her driver’s license. During a recent car trip with a friend, she took over driving when her friend became tired. Which of the following is true?
- A. She has acted in a professional manner.
- B. She may lose her RN license for driving without a license.
- C. She should renew her driver’s license as soon as possible.
- D. Under the circumstances, she will not be faulted for driving without a license.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: She may lose her RN license for driving without a license. As a registered nurse, she is held to a high standard of professional conduct. Driving without a valid license is illegal and unethical, potentially endangering herself and others. This behavior could be viewed as a violation of professional ethics, leading to disciplinary action by the licensing board. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not address the legal and ethical implications of driving without a valid license for a healthcare professional. A nurse should always adhere to legal and ethical standards to maintain the trust and integrity of the profession.