Nokea
A client arrives at the emergency room with symptoms of peptic ulcer disease. Which of these symptoms should the nurse identify as the priority?
- A. Hematemesis
- B. Abdominal bloating
- C. Epigastric discomfort
- D. Dyspepsia
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hematemesis indicates active bleeding and is the most urgent concern.
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A nurse is caring for a client who has just developed a pulmonary embolism. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate administering?
- A. Atropine
- B. Furosemide
- C. Heparin
- D. Dexamethasone
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Heparin is an anticoagulant used in the initial treatment of pulmonary embolism to prevent further clot formation.
A nurse is instructing a client with diabetes mellitus about peritoneal dialysis. The nurse tells the client that it is important to maintain the prescribed dwell time for the dialysis due to the risk of which complication?
- A. Hyperglycemia
- B. Disequilibrium syndrome
- C. Peritonitis
- D. Hyperphosphatemia
- E. The client experiences pain upon palpation of the epigastric region.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Maintaining dwell time prevents excessive glucose absorption from dialysate which could cause hyperglycemia.
A nurse is reviewing the arterial blood gas (ABG) values of a client who has chronic kidney disease. Which of the following sets of values should the nurse expect?
- A. pH 7.25, HCO3- 19 mEq/L, PaCO2 30 mm Hg
- B. pH 7.50, HCO3- 20 mEq/L, PaCO2 32 mm Hg
- C. pH 7.55, HCO3- 30 mEq/L, PaCO2 31 mm Hg
- D. pH 7.30, HCO3- 26 mEq/L, PaCO2 50 mm Hg
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The values indicate metabolic acidosis with compensatory respiratory alkalosis, typical in CKD due to impaired acid excretion.
A nurse is teaching the partner of a client who had an acute myocardial infarction (MI) about the reason blood was drawn from the client. Which of the following statements should the nurse make regarding cardiac enzyme studies?
- A. These tests will enable the provider to determine the heart structure and mobility of the heart valves.
- B. Cardiac enzymes will identify the location of the MI.
- C. Cardiac enzymes assist in diagnosing the presence of pulmonary congestion.
- D. These tests help determine the degree of damage to the heart tissues.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cardiac enzymes (like troponin) indicate myocardial cell death and help quantify infarct size.
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results from a client who has acute kidney injury (AKI). Which of the following electrolyte imbalances should the nurse expect?
- A. Hypophosphatemia
- B. Hypercalcemia
- C. Hyperkalemia
- D. Hypernatremia
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hyperkalemia is expected in AKI due to impaired renal potassium excretion.