Nclex PN Questions and Answers

Nclex PN Questions and Answers Related

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A client asks a nurse about the procedure for becoming an organ donor. The nurse provides the client with which information?

  • A. To speak with the chaplain about the psychosocial aspects of becoming a donor
  • B. That this decision must be made by the next of kin at the time of the client's death
  • C. That anatomic gifts must be made in writing and signed by the client
  • D. To let the health care provider know about the request so that it may be documented in the client's record
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: When a person wishes to become an organ donor, they need to understand that anatomic gifts must be made in writing and signed by the individual. The gift must be made by the donor themselves, typically an individual who is at least 18 years old. If the client is unable to sign, the document should be signed by another person and two witnesses. While speaking to a chaplain or informing the healthcare provider may be part of the process, the essential step is to have a written document signed by the client. Choice A is incorrect as it does not address the procedural aspect of becoming an organ donor. Choice B is incorrect as the decision to make an anatomic gift is typically made by the individual themselves, not the next of kin. Choice D is incorrect as simply informing the healthcare provider is not sufficient for the procedure of becoming an organ donor; a written and signed document by the client is necessary.

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Nurse Ann tells nurse Christine that one of her client's status is declining but that she will do her best to juggle her other two clients. Which action is most appropriate?

  • A. Nurse Christine should offer to give medications to Nurse Ann's other two clients.
  • B. Nurse Christine should inform their supervisor that assignments may need to be changed.
  • C. Nurse Christine should ask other nurses who might be able to help Nurse Ann.
  • D. Nurse Ann should try not to burden other nurses and continue caring for her assigned clients.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this situation, when Nurse Ann informs Nurse Christine that a client's status is declining and she needs to attend to them, the most appropriate action for Nurse Christine is to inform their supervisor that assignments may need to be changed. By informing the supervisor, necessary adjustments can be made to ensure proper care for all clients. Offering to give medications to Nurse Ann's other two clients (choice A) may not address the underlying issue of a declining client and could lead to a delay in care. Asking other nurses for help (choice C) might not be the most efficient solution, as the supervisor is responsible for reassigning tasks. Nurse Ann continuing to care for all her assigned clients (choice D) may compromise the quality of care provided to the declining client and may spread her too thin, impacting all clients negatively.

Which action by the nurse represents the ethical principle of benevolence?

  • A. The nurse administers an immunization to a child even though it may cause discomfort
  • B. The nurse follows a plan of care designed to relieve pain in a client with cancer
  • C. The nurse provides equal amounts of care to all assigned clients on the basis of illness acuity
  • D. The nurse upholds a client's decision to refuse chemotherapy for lung cancer
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Benevolence is taking action to help others. In this scenario, administering an immunization to a child, even though it may cause discomfort, aligns with the principle of benevolence as the benefits of protection from disease outweigh the temporary discomfort. Fidelity refers to keeping promises made to clients, families, and other healthcare professionals. Autonomy is a person's independence, and respecting autonomy means agreeing to respect an individual's right to determine their course of action. Justice refers to fairness and equity, including the fair allocation of resources, such as nursing care for all clients. Choice B is incorrect as it pertains more to the ethical principle of beneficence rather than benevolence, which focuses on doing good for others without an expectation of something in return. Choices C and D are incorrect as they do not directly align with the principle of benevolence.

An example of a process standard on a med-surg unit is:

  • A. a procedure for changing IV tubing.
  • B. a policy for staffing.
  • C. the job description of the CEO (chief executive officer).
  • D. a procedure for checking waveforms on a client being treated with an intra-aortic balloon pump.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Process standards define the actions and behaviors required by staff to provide care on a med-surg unit. A procedure for changing IV tubing is a critical psychomotor skill necessary for safe and effective patient care in this setting. Choice B, a policy for staffing, pertains more to organizational management rather than specific care processes on the unit. Choice C, the job description of the CEO, delineates the responsibilities of the organization's top executive and is not a process standard for frontline staff. Choice D, a procedure for checking waveforms on a client with an intra-aortic balloon pump, is more specific to a cardiac care unit and not typically performed on a med-surg unit.

A nurse witnesses a client sign the consent form for surgery with the surgeon. As the surgeon leaves, the client starts to speak and then stops. The nurse asks if the client has further questions, and he says, "I don't want to bother the surgeon."? The nurse should ____.

  • A. acknowledge the client's wish not to bother the surgeon and tell the client to let you know if they change their mind
  • B. acknowledge the client's wish not to bother the surgeon and answer all of their questions, as appropriate
  • C. go get the surgeon to answer all of the client's questions
  • D. answer any questions as appropriate as well as have the surgeon come back to answer any questions if needed
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, the nurse should prioritize the client's understanding and comfort. While acknowledging the client's wish not to bother the surgeon is important, it is equally crucial to ensure that the client's questions are answered appropriately and thoroughly. Choice A is correct as it respects the client's initial sentiment and offers the client the opportunity to ask questions later if needed. Choice B is incorrect as it suggests answering all questions immediately, without considering the client's feelings. Choice C is incorrect as it bypasses the nurse's role in addressing the client's concerns. Choice D, the correct answer, balances respecting the client's wish and ensuring that all questions are appropriately addressed, even if it involves the surgeon returning.

A nurse discovers that another nurse has administered an enema to a client even though the client told the nurse that he did not want one. Which is the most appropriate action for the nurse to take?

  • A. Report the incident to the nursing supervisor
  • B. Confront the nurse who gave the enema and inform the nurse that she may face charges of battery
  • C. Tell the client that the nurse did the right thing in giving the enema
  • D. Contact the client's health care provider
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Battery is any intentional touching of a client without the client's consent, which violates the client's rights. If a nurse discovers such an incident, they should report it to the nursing supervisor. Confronting the nurse and threatening charges of battery could lead to unnecessary conflict. Telling the client that the nurse did the right thing is incorrect as it goes against the client's wishes. While the health care provider may need to be notified eventually, the first step should be reporting the incident to the nursing supervisor to address the violation appropriately.