Nokea
A client asks the NP about the differences in drug effects between men and women. What is known about the differences between the pharmacokinetics of men and women?
- A. Body temperature varies between men and women.
- B. Muscle mass is greater in women.
- C. Percentage of fat differs between genders.
- D. Proven subjective factors exist between the genders.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Gender differences in pharmacokinetics are largely due to fat percentage , affecting drug distribution; muscle mass is greater in men (B is false), and temperature/subjective factors are less impactful.
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The nurse is preparing to administer an intradermal injection. The nurse would insert the needle at which angle?
- A. 15 degrees
- B. 30 degrees
- C. 45 degrees
- D. 90 degrees
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When giving an intradermal injection, the needle is inserted bevel up at a 15-degree angle. The nurse would insert the needle at a 90-degree angle for an intramuscular injection or for a patient who is obese and requires a subcutaneous injection. Typically a subcutaneous injection is given at a 45-degree angle.
Not metabolized in liver
- A. Cimetidine
- B. Phenytoin
- C. Diazepam
- D. Penicillin G
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Penicillin G is primarily excreted unchanged by the kidneys, unlike the others metabolized by the liver.
When completing the check to ensure that the right drug is being administered to the client, which of the following should the nurse compare?
- A. Medication
- B. Container label
- C. Medication record
- D. All the above
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse compares the medication, container label, and medication record and then the MAR as the item is removed from the cart and before the actual administration of the drug.
A nurse is assessing the patients home medication use. After listening to the patient list current medications, the nurse asks what priority question?
- A. Do you take any generic medications?
- B. Are any of these medications orphan drugs?
- C. Are these medications safe to take during pregnancy?
- D. Do you take any over-the-counter medications?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: It is important for the nurse to specifically question use of over-the-counter medications because patients may not consider them important. The patient is unlikely to know the meaning of orphan drugs unless they too are health care providers. Safety during pregnancy, use of a generic medication, or classification of orphan drugs are things the patient would be unable to answer but could be found in reference books if the nurse wishes to research them.
A patient who has a long history of alcohol abuse is admitted to the hospital for detoxification. In addition to medications needed to treat withdrawal symptoms, the nurse will anticipate giving intravenous
- A. dopamine to restore blood pressure
- B. fluid boluses to treat dehydration
- C. glucose to prevent hypoglycemia
- D. thiamine to treat nutritional deficiency
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Thiamine prevents Wernicke's encephalopathy in alcohol detox; glucose follows if needed. Thiamine should be given to prevent Wernicke's encephalopathy in patients treated for alcoholism.