Nokea
A client asks the nurse about using the herb ginkgo to improve his memory and thinking. Which of the following would the nurse need to integrate into the response about this herb?
- A. There is scientific proof that this herb is effective.
- B. The effects may take at a minimum 4 weeks to occur.
- C. Mild GI discomfort and headache may occur with the herb.
- D. The herb needs to be taken at least four times a day to be effective.
- E. The herb if taken in large doses rarely leads to problems.
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale: Conflicting research both supports and disputes ginkgo's ability to enhance memory. The effects of ginkgo may not be evident until after 4 to 24 weeks of treatment. The most common adverse reactions include mild GI discomfort, headache, and rash.
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When reviewing the medical record of a client who is prescribed galantamine, which of the following, if found, would the nurse identify as a contraindication for the drug requiring the nurse to contact the primary health care provider?
- A. Hepatic disease.
- B. Renal disease.
- C. Pregnancy.
- D. Lactation
- E. Hyperthyroidism
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: Galantamine is contraindicated in clients who are pregnant, are lactating, or have hepatic disease.
When describing the action of cholinesterase inhibitors to a class of nursing students, the instructor would include which of the following about their action?
- A. The drugs decrease the level of acetylcholine in the CNS.
- B. They inhibit the breakdown of acetylcholine.
- C. The drugs slow neural destruction.
- D. They stop neural breakdown.
- E. The drugs increase excitatory neurotransmitters in the CNS.
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale: Cholinesterase inhibitors act to increase the level of acetylcholine in the CNS by inhibiting its breakdown and slowing neural destruction.
The nurse suspects that a client has consumed an excessive dose of ginkgo based on assessment of which of the following?
- A. Constipation
- B. Diarrhea
- C. Vomiting
- D. Restlessness
- E. Drowsiness
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: A client who takes an excessive dose of ginkgo may exhibit the following adverse reactions: diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and restlessness.
A client with AD is prescribed rivastigmine by the primary health care provider. The nurse would anticipate administering this drug by which route?
- A. Intravenously
- B. Intramuscularly
- C. Orally
- D. Subcutaneously
- E. Transdermally
Correct Answer: C,E
Rationale: The nurse should administer rivastigmine orally or transdermally to the client. Rivastigmine is not administered intravenously, intramuscularly, or subcutaneously.
To assess a client's cognitive ability, the nurse uses the Mini-Mental Status Examination. Which areas would the nurse assess?
- A. Reading comprehension
- B. Calculation
- C. Orientation
- D. Recall
- E. Language
Correct Answer: B,C,D,E
Rationale: The Mini-Mental Status Examination assesses a client's abilities on items such as orientation, calculation, recall, and language.