Nokea
A client asks the nurse for information about how to reduce risk factors for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Which information should the nurse provide?
- A. Obtain a prostate-specific antigen blood level test.
- B. Take vitamin supplements.
- C. Increase physical activity.
- D. Consume a high protein diet.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Increasing physical activity helps maintain a healthy weight and improves pelvic blood flow, reducing BPH risk factors, unlike PSA testing, supplements, or high-protein diets, which lack direct preventive benefits.
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The nurse calls the healthcare provider because a client diagnosed with an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is reporting of low back pain. Which additional information about the client would be important for the nurse to tell the healthcare provider?
- A. White blood cell count and pulse rate.
- B. Hematocrit and blood pressure.
- C. Calcium level and skin condition.
- D. Serum amylase and level of consciousness.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hematocrit and blood pressure are critical for AAA, as low hematocrit may indicate rupture or bleeding, and high blood pressure can exacerbate the aneurysm, necessitating urgent reporting.
The nurse is assessing a client who has herpes zoster. Which question will allow the nurse to gather further information about this condition?
- A. Has everyone at home already had varicella?
- B. Have the antifungal creams been effective?
- C. Do you have any dry patches on your feet and hands?
- D. Do your family members share combs and brushes?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Asking if everyone at home has had varicella helps determine the risk of transmission of the varicella-zoster virus, which causes herpes zoster, to non-immune individuals, informing isolation precautions.
An older client who experienced a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) has difficulty with visual perception and eats only half of the food on the meal tray. The client's family expresses concern about the client's nutritional status. How should the nurse respond to the family's concern?
- A. Demonstrate the use of visual scanning during meals to the client and family.
- B. Explain that weight loss will be reversed after the acute phase of the stroke has ended.
- C. Suggest that the family bring foods from home that the client enjoys eating.
- D. Encourage the family to offer to feed the client when she does not eat her entire meal.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Teaching visual scanning compensates for visual perception deficits post-CVA, enabling the client to see all food on the tray, addressing the root cause of poor intake and improving nutrition.
A client is admitted to the medical unit during an exacerbation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). It is most important to report which assessment finding to the health care provider?
- A. Joint pain.
- B. Hematuria.
- C. Low grade fever.
- D. Muscle atrophy.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hematuria indicates potential kidney involvement, a serious complication of SLE that can lead to renal failure. Prompt reporting is critical for timely intervention to prevent end-stage renal disease.
An adult client, a smoker, has had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) for twelve years. When conducting discharge teaching, what should the nurse advise the client to avoid in order to prevent exacerbation of COPD?
- A. Exposure to persons with pneumonia or chickenpox.
- B. Excessive physical exertion and respiratory tract infections.
- C. Overdose of albuterol and alcohol consumption.
- D. Excessive bedrest and lack of exercise.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Excessive physical exertion and respiratory infections are primary triggers for COPD exacerbation, increasing oxygen demand and causing airway inflammation, which the client should avoid.