Nokea
A client asks the nurse what PSA is. The nurse should reply that is stands for:
- A. Prostate-specific antigen, which is used to screen for prostate cancer
- B. Protein serum antigen, which is used to determine protein levels
- C. Pneumococcal strep antigen, which is bacteria that causes pneumonia
- D. Papanicolua-specific antigen, which is used to screen for cervical cancer
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: PSA stands for Prostate-specific antigen, which is a protein produced by both cancerous and noncancerous cells in the prostate gland. It is primarily used as a screening test for prostate cancer. Elevated levels of PSA in the blood may indicate the presence of prostate cancer or other prostate conditions. Regular PSA testing is often recommended for men over a certain age to help detect prostate cancer early when it is more treatable.
You may also like to solve these questions
Clients with myastherda gravis, Guillain - Barre Syndrome or amyothrophic sclerosis experience:
- A. Progressive deterioration until death
- B. Deficiencies of essential neurotransmitter
- C. Increased risk of respiratory complications
- D. Involuntary twitching of small muscle group
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Clients with myasthenia gravis, Guillain-Barre Syndrome, or amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are all affected by various neuromuscular conditions that can lead to respiratory complications. These conditions can cause weakness in the muscles involved in breathing, leading to difficulties with coughing, clearing secretions, and maintaining adequate ventilation. This weakness can ultimately result in an increased risk of breathing difficulties, respiratory infections, and respiratory failure. Therefore, clients with these conditions require close monitoring and respiratory support to manage and prevent complications related to respiratory function.
Which of the ff should the nurse include in the teaching plan of a client with acute bronchitis?
- A. Not coughing frequently
- B. Washing the hands frequently
- C. Consuming adequate calories
- D. Encouraging a semi-Fowler's position
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In acute bronchitis, the highest priority in the teaching plan should focus on preventing the spread of infection. Washing hands frequently can help reduce the risk of spreading the infection to others or introducing new germs that could worsen the client's condition. Proper hand hygiene is one of the most important ways to prevent the transmission of respiratory infections, like bronchitis, by reducing the number of pathogens on the hands. This measure is important not only for the client's well-being but also for the health of those in close contact with the client.
A client is admitted for treatment of the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Which nursing intervention is appropriate?
- A. Infusing IV fluids rapidly as ordered
- B. Administering glucose-containing IV
- C. Encouraging increased oral intake fluids as ordered
- D. Restricting fluids
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH), there is an excessive release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), leading to water retention by the kidneys and dilution of electrolytes in the blood. This can result in hyponatremia and fluid overload. Therefore, the appropriate nursing intervention for a client with SIADH is to restrict fluids to help prevent further fluid retention and worsening of hyponatremia. Infusing IV fluids rapidly, administering glucose-containing IV fluids, or encouraging increased oral fluid intake would exacerbate the problem by further diluting the electrolyte concentration in the blood. By restricting fluids, the aim is to maintain a strict intake and output balance to promote a gradual increase in serum sodium levels and help restore normal fluid balance in the body.
The BEST statement describing the implication of a 6-month-old boy 'transferring object to hand' is
- A. visuomotor coordination
- B. comparison ability
- C. voluntary release of objects
- D. increasing autonomy
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Transferring objects between hands indicates developing visuomotor coordination.
A 57-year old patient had a right lower lobectomy. The nurse should initiate this action when the patient arrives from the Post Anesthesia Care Unit:
- A. immediately administer pain relief
- B. keep patient in semi-fowler's postion
- C. turn client every hour
- D. notify the family to report pateint's condition
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: After a right lower lobectomy, it is important to keep the patient in a semi-Fowler's position to promote lung expansion and oxygenation. This position helps to reduce pressure on the diaphragm and allows for better lung ventilation. By maintaining the patient in a semi-Fowler's position, it can help prevent complications such as atelectasis and pneumonia postoperatively. It is a crucial nursing intervention to ensure optimal respiratory function and promote recovery after lung surgery.