Nokea
A client asks the nurse what PSA is. The nurse should reply that is stands for:
- A. Prostate-specific antigen, which is used to screen for prostate cancer
- B. Protein serum antigen, which is used to determine protein levels
- C. Pneumococcal strep antigen, which is bacteria that causes pneumonia
- D. Papanicolua-specific antigen, which is used to screen for cervical cancer
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Prostate-specific antigen, which is used to screen for prostate cancer. PSA is a protein produced by the prostate gland, and elevated levels may indicate prostate cancer. Choice B is incorrect as PSA is specific to the prostate, not protein levels. Choice C is incorrect as pneumococcal strep antigen is related to pneumonia, not PSA. Choice D is incorrect as Papanicolua-specific antigen is not a recognized term, and PSA is not used to screen for cervical cancer.
You may also like to solve these questions
The nurse is caring for a client in the emergency room diagnosed with Bell’s palsy. The client has been taking acetaminophen (Tylenol), and acetaminophen overdose is suspected. The nurse anticipates that the antidote to be prescribed is:
- A. Pentostatin (Nipent)
- B. Fludarabine (Fludara)
- C. Auranofin (Ridaura)
- D. Acetylcysteine Mucomyst)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Rationale: Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) is the antidote for acetaminophen overdose. It works by replenishing glutathione, which helps neutralize the toxic metabolite of acetaminophen. Pentostatin, Fludarabine, and Auranofin are not antidotes for acetaminophen overdose and are used for different conditions. Acetylcysteine is the correct choice as it directly counteracts the toxic effects of acetaminophen.
Which of the ff. medications might be ordered to help control symptoms of multiple sclerosis, and possibly induce a remission?
- A. Acyclovir
- B. Thyrotropin
- C. ACTH
- D. Benadryl
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct Answer: C - ACTH
Rationale:
1. ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) can help control symptoms and induce remission in multiple sclerosis by reducing inflammation.
2. ACTH stimulates the production of cortisol, a natural anti-inflammatory hormone.
3. By reducing inflammation in the central nervous system, ACTH can help manage symptoms and promote remission.
Summary of other choices:
A: Acyclovir - Antiviral medication used to treat herpes infections, not effective for multiple sclerosis.
B: Thyrotropin - Hormone that stimulates thyroid function, not used in the treatment of multiple sclerosis.
D: Benadryl - Antihistamine used for allergies and itching, not indicated for multiple sclerosis management.
A nurse is using the problem-oriented approach to data collection. Which action will the nurse take first?
- A. Complete the questions in chronological order.
- B. Focus on the patient’s presenting situation.
- C. Make accurate interpretations of the data.
- D. Conduct an observational overview.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Focus on the patient’s presenting situation. In the problem-oriented approach, the nurse prioritizes the patient's immediate concerns to address them effectively. By focusing on the presenting situation first, the nurse can gather relevant data and identify key issues. This step ensures that the nurse addresses the most pressing problems promptly.
A: Completing questions in chronological order may not be necessary and could delay addressing the immediate concern.
C: Making accurate interpretations of data should come after gathering relevant information about the presenting situation.
D: Conducting an observational overview is important but should come after focusing on the patient's presenting situation to gather specific data.
During preoperative teaching for a client who will undergo subtotal thyroidectomy, the nurse should include which statement?
- A. “The head of your bed must remain flat for 24 hours after surgery.”
- B. “You should avoid deep breathing and coughing after surgery.”
- C. “You won’t be able to swallow for the first day or two.”
- D. “You must avoid hyperextending your neck after surgery.”
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: “You must avoid hyperextending your neck after surgery.” This is because hyperextending the neck can put excessive strain on the surgical site, leading to potential complications such as bleeding or injury to the incision. Keeping the neck in a neutral position helps promote healing and reduces the risk of complications.
A: “The head of your bed must remain flat for 24 hours after surgery.” - Incorrect. Elevating the head of the bed can help reduce swelling and promote drainage after thyroidectomy.
B: “You should avoid deep breathing and coughing after surgery.” - Incorrect. Deep breathing and coughing are important to prevent respiratory complications such as pneumonia.
C: “You won’t be able to swallow for the first day or two.” - Incorrect. Swallowing may be difficult initially but should improve gradually after surgery.
Rehabilitation plans for Mr. Gabatan;
- A. Should be left up to Mr. Gabatan and his family
- B. Should be considered and planned for early in his care
- C. Are not necessary, because he will return to former activities
- D. Are not necessary, because he will probably not able to work again Ms. J.K. is a 24-year old woman admitted to the neurosurgery floor 2 days following a hypophysectomy for a pituitary tumor. She is alert, oriented, and eager to return to her job as an executive to the hospital director. She is alert, oriented and eager to return to her job as an executive assistant to the hospital director. She calls the nurse to her room to express her concern about the frequency of urination she is experiencing, as well as the feeling of weakness that began this morning.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer B: Rehabilitation plans for Mr. Gabatan should be considered and planned for early in his care to optimize his recovery and quality of life. Planning early allows for tailored interventions to address his specific needs and goals, promoting better outcomes. Early rehabilitation can also prevent complications and improve functional abilities. By proactively addressing rehabilitation needs, Mr. Gabatan can have a smoother transition back to his daily activities.
Summary of Incorrect Choices:
A: Leaving the rehabilitation plans solely up to Mr. Gabatan and his family may not consider all aspects of his recovery and could lead to suboptimal outcomes.
C: Assuming that Mr. Gabatan will return to his former activities without a rehabilitation plan overlooks the individualized care needed for his recovery.
D: Dismissing the need for rehabilitation based on the assumption that he may not be able to work again is premature and does not account for potential improvements in his condition through appropriate rehabilitation interventions.