Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing Practice Questions

Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing Practice Questions Related

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A client comes to a psychiatric clinic, experiencing sudden extreme fatigue and decreased sleep and appetite. The client works 12 hours a day and rates anxiety as 8/10 on a numeric scale. What correctly written long-term outcome is realistic in addressing this clients crisis?

  • A. The client will change his or her type A personality traits to more adaptive ones by week
  • B. The client will completely eliminate all anxiety within 2 weeks.
  • C. The client will reduce work hours from 12 to 6 hours per day immediately.
  • D. The client will develop and implement a self-care routine to improve sleep and appetite within 4 weeks.
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Developing and implementing a self-care routine to improve sleep and appetite within 4 weeks is the most realistic long-term outcome in addressing the client's crisis.

Rationale:
1. Self-care routines can positively impact sleep and appetite.
2. Improvements in sleep and appetite can help alleviate fatigue and other symptoms.
3. Realistic timeline of 4 weeks allows for gradual changes and adjustments.
4. It focuses on tangible actions the client can take to improve their well-being.

Incorrect Choices:
A: Changing personality traits is a complex and long-term process, unlikely to occur within a week.
B: Completely eliminating anxiety within 2 weeks is unrealistic and may not address the underlying causes.
C: Immediate reduction of work hours may not be feasible or necessary for addressing the client's crisis.

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Which client statement reflects an understanding of the effect of circadian rhythms on a person?

  • A. When I dream about my mothers horrible train accident, I become hysterical. B. I get really irritable during my menstrual cycle.C. Im a morning person. I get my best work done in the a.m.
  • B. Every February, I tend to experience periods of sadness.
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because the client statement "I'm a morning person. I get my best work done in the a.m." reflects an understanding of circadian rhythms. Circadian rhythms are the body's internal clock that regulates the sleep-wake cycle and influences energy levels and productivity throughout the day. Being a morning person indicates that this individual's peak productivity aligns with their body's natural circadian rhythm, which typically results in better performance during the morning hours.

Choice A is incorrect as it relates to a traumatic dream triggering hysteria, not circadian rhythms. Choice B is incorrect as it mentions experiencing sadness in February, which is more likely related to seasonal affective disorder rather than circadian rhythms.

During the sixth week of a 10-week parenting skills group, a nurse observes as several members get into a heated dispute about spanking. As a group, they decide to create a pros-and-cons poster on the use of physical discipline. At this time, what is the role of the group leader?

  • A. To referee the debate
  • B. To adamantly oppose physical discipline measures
  • C. To redirect the group to a less controversial topic
  • D. To encourage the group to solve the problem collectively
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: To encourage the group to solve the problem collectively. The role of the group leader in this situation is to promote group cohesion and problem-solving skills. By encouraging the group to collectively address the issue of differing opinions on spanking, the leader fosters open communication, respect for diverse perspectives, and teamwork. This approach allows group members to explore the topic in a constructive manner, learn from each other, and reach a consensus or understanding.

Choice A is incorrect because the leader's role is not to referee or take sides in the debate. Choice B is incorrect as the leader should not impose personal views but facilitate a balanced discussion. Choice C is incorrect as avoiding controversial topics hinders group growth and learning.

A 6-year-old boy uses his fathers flashlight to explore his 3-year-old sisters genitalia. According to Freud, in which stage of psychosocial development should a nurse identify this behavior as normal?

  • A. Oral
  • B. Anal
  • C. Phallic
  • D. Latency
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Phallic stage. In Freud's psychosexual stages of development, the phallic stage occurs around ages 3 to 6. During this stage, children become curious about their own bodies and those of others. The boy exploring his sister's genitalia is displaying normal curiosity associated with this stage. The Oedipus complex and Electra complex also occur during this stage, where children develop feelings towards the opposite-sex parent. Choices A, B, and D do not align with the behaviors described in the scenario and are associated with different stages of development (oral, anal, and latency).

Which therapeutic communication technique should the nurse use when communicating with a client who is experiencing auditory hallucinations?

  • A. My sister has the same diagnosis as you and she also hears voices.
  • B. I understand that the voices seem real to you, but I do not hear any voices.
  • C. Why not turn up the radio so that the voices are muted.
  • D. I wouldnt worry about these voices. The medication will make them disappear.
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because it demonstrates empathy and validation without reinforcing the hallucinations. By acknowledging the client's experience while maintaining reality orientation, the nurse can build trust and rapport. Choice A may unintentionally normalize the hallucinations. Choice C could dismiss the client's experience and avoid addressing the underlying issue. Choice D minimizes the client's distress and relies solely on medication without addressing the client's emotional needs.

A nurse concludes that a restless, agitated client is manifesting a fight-or-flight response. The nurse should associate this response with which neurotransmitter?

  • A. Dopamine
  • B. Serotonin
  • C. Norepinephrine
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, Norepinephrine. During the fight-or-flight response, the sympathetic nervous system is activated, leading to the release of norepinephrine. Norepinephrine increases heart rate, blood pressure, and alertness, preparing the body to either fight or flee from a perceived threat. Dopamine (A) is more related to reward and pleasure. Serotonin (B) is involved in regulating mood and emotions. Cortisol (D) is a stress hormone, not a neurotransmitter involved in the fight-or-flight response.

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