Nokea
A client diagnosed with gastritis asks the nurse at a screening clinic about analgesics that will not cause epigastric distress. The nurse should tell the client to take which medication?
- A. Aspirin
- B. Naproxen
- C. Ibuprofen
- D. Acetaminophen
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The client should be advised to take analgesics that do not contain aspirin, such as acetaminophen. Aspirin is irritating to the gastrointestinal tract of the client with a history of gastritis. Other medications that are irritating to the gastrointestinal tract are the nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs naproxen and ibuprofen.
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The nurse is teaching a new mother about postpartum fatigue (PPF). Which information would the nurse include?
- A. PPF is more common in women with cesarean births.
- B. Fatigue usually improves over the first 6 weeks after birth.
- C. Fatigue can help reduce the incidence of postpartum depression.
- D. Nursing mothers can minimize fatigue by breastfeeding in the side-lying position.
Correct Answer: B,D
Rationale: Fatigue improves over 6 weeks, and side-lying breastfeeding conserves energy. Cesarean births don't inherently increase PPF, and fatigue may worsen depression.
A client has been experiencing muscle weakness for a period of several months. The health care provider suspects polymyositis, and the client asks the nurse about the disorder. The nurse explains to the client that which occurs in this disorder?
- A. Increased fibers and tissue
- B. Muscle fibers are inflamed.
- C. Muscle fibers are thickened.
- D. A decrease in elastic tissue
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Polymyositis is a diffuse inflammatory disorder of skeletal (striated) muscle that is characterized by symmetrical weakness and atrophy. Increased fibrous tissue is seen in clients diagnosed with ankylosis. Thickened muscle fibers describe the opposite of what is noted with this disorder. Decreased elastic tissue, if it occurred in the aorta, would be noted in a client with Marfan's syndrome.
The school nurse provides teaching about the hazards of smoking to a group of high school students. Which comment by a student indicates the need for additional teaching?
- A. Chewing tobacco is much safer than is smoking tobacco.
- B. Smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of stillbirth.
- C. My health is at risk when my family smokes in the house.
- D. Inhaling smoke from other people is a public health issue.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: All forms of tobacco use, including chewing tobacco, are health hazards. Smoking during pregnancy, smoking in a household, and second-hand smoke all present health hazards of tobacco use. Chewing tobacco is not safer than smoking and can lead to oral cancer and other health issues.
A clinic nurse provides information to a married couple regarding measures to prevent infertility. Which statement made by the husband indicates the need for further education?
- A. We need to eat a nutritious diet.'
- B. We need to avoid the excessive intake of alcohol.'
- C. We need to decrease exposure to environmental hazards.'
- D. I need to maintain warmth to my scrotum by taking hot baths frequently.'
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Keeping the testes cool by avoiding hot baths and tight clothing appears to improve the sperm count. Avoiding factors that depress spermatogenesis (such as the use of drugs, alcohol, and marijuana), maintaining good nutrition, and limiting exposure to occupational and environmental hazards are vital components of preventing infertility.
The nurse employed in a well-baby clinic is preparing to administer the scheduled recommended immunizations to a 2-month-old infant. After consultation with the pediatrician, the nurse should prepare to administer which vaccines at this time?
- A. Rotavirus (RV)
- B. Pneumococcal (PCV)
- C. Inactivated poliovirus (IPV)
- D. Varicella; measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR)
- E. Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate (Hib)
- F. Diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis (DTaP)
Correct Answer: A,B,C,E,F
Rationale: RV is administered at 2 months of age. PCV is administered at 2, 4, and 6 months of age and then between 12 and 15 months. IPV is administered at ages 2 and 4 months and then at age 4 to 6 years. Hib is administered at ages 2 and 4 months with a final dose administered at age 12 months or older. DTaP is administered at 2, 4, and 6 months of age; the fourth dose is administered as early as age 12 months as long as 6 months have elapsed since the third dose. Varicella vaccine is administered at age 12 months or older. MMR is administered at age 12 to 18 months with the second dose at age 4 to 6 years.