Nokea
A client has a new prescription for Folic Acid. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
- A. Take the medication with food.
- B. Expect a metallic taste in your mouth.
- C. Increase your intake of green, leafy vegetables.
- D. Avoid citrus fruits.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Increase your intake of green, leafy vegetables.' Folic acid is naturally found in green, leafy vegetables. By increasing the intake of these vegetables, the client can supplement their folic acid levels. This dietary adjustment supports the client in meeting the prescription requirements and enhances the overall health benefits of folic acid. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they do not directly relate to increasing folic acid intake as required by the prescription.
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What is the classification for the drug valproate?
- A. Anti-diabetic
- B. Anti-convulsant
- C. Anti-ulcer agent
- D. Anti-hypertensive
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Valproate is classified as an anticonvulsant. It is commonly used to treat epilepsy and bipolar disorder by stabilizing electrical activity in the brain. Therefore, the correct classification for valproate is as an anticonvulsant. Options A, C, and D are incorrect because valproate is not used to treat diabetes, ulcers, or hypertension.
A client has a new prescription for Diltiazem. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
- A. This medication may cause dry mouth.
- B. You should avoid drinking grapefruit juice.
- C. You may experience a rapid heart rate.
- D. Increase your intake of fiber-rich foods.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct statement to include when teaching a client about Diltiazem is to avoid drinking grapefruit juice. Grapefruit juice can increase the levels of diltiazem in the blood, leading to potential toxicity and increased side effects. It is important for the client to be aware of this interaction to ensure the safe and effective use of the medication. Option A is incorrect because dry mouth is not a common side effect of Diltiazem. Option C is incorrect because Diltiazem is actually used to treat rapid heart rates. Option D is unrelated to the medication and not relevant to the teaching.
Which statement is true about food and drug precautions?
- A. Limiting certain types of food or administering certain types of drugs is necessary.
- B. Certain combinations of food and drugs can cause adverse reactions.
- C. Precautions may involve limiting certain types of food or administering drugs rather than restricting the drug itself.
- D. When one drug alters the way another drug affects the body.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Certain combinations of food and drugs can indeed lead to adverse reactions. It is important to be cautious with the simultaneous intake of food and drugs as interactions between them can affect their efficacy and safety. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not accurately reflect the potential risks associated with the combination of food and drugs.
What is a desired outcome of the drug Phenytoin?
- A. Decrease symptoms of PTSD
- B. Resolution of signs of infection
- C. Decrease or cessation of seizures without excessive sedation
- D. Prevention or relief of bronchospasm
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Decrease or cessation of seizures without excessive sedation. Phenytoin is primarily used as an antiepileptic medication to manage and prevent seizures. It does not directly impact symptoms of PTSD (Choice A), resolution of signs of infection (Choice B), or prevention or relief of bronchospasm (Choice D). Therefore, the desired outcome of Phenytoin is to control seizures effectively while avoiding excessive sedation.
In which patient could the drug Senna potentially be indicated?
- A. A patient with an eating disorder
- B. A patient who has not passed stool in 5 days
- C. A patient with anal fissures
- D. A patient with a history of hemorrhoids
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Senna is a stimulant laxative commonly used to treat constipation by stimulating bowel movements. It is typically indicated for patients who have not passed stool in several days, thereby helping to relieve constipation. Patients with eating disorders may require different treatments related to their condition. Patients with anal fissures or a history of hemorrhoids may need treatments targeted at those specific issues, which may not involve Senna.