LPN Pharmacology Questions

LPN Pharmacology Questions Related

Review LPN Pharmacology Questions related questions and content

A client has a new prescription for verapamil. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

  • A. Monitor your heart rate daily.
  • B. Take the medication at bedtime.
  • C. Avoid consuming grapefruit juice.
  • D. Take the medication with food.
Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is to instruct the client to monitor their heart rate daily when taking verapamil. Verapamil is a calcium channel blocker that can cause bradycardia, making it crucial to monitor the heart rate regularly to detect any changes promptly. Choice B, taking the medication at bedtime, is not specifically related to verapamil administration. Choice C, avoiding grapefruit juice, is more relevant to medications metabolized by CYP3A4 enzymes, not verapamil. Choice D, taking the medication with food, is not a specific instruction for verapamil, as it can be taken with or without food.

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Therapeutic drug levels are drawn when a drug reaches steady state. Drugs reach steady state:

  • A. After the second dose
  • B. After four to five half-lives
  • C. When the patient feels the full effect of the drug
  • D. One hour after IV administration
Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Choice B is correct because steady state is reached after four to five half-lives, when absorption equals elimination, stabilizing drug levels for therapeutic monitoring. Choice A is incorrect as the second dose is too early for steady state. Choice C is wrong because patient perception doesn't define pharmacokinetics. Choice D is incorrect since IV timing varies and doesn't inherently match steady state.

Over-the-counter drugs that may cause adverse effects include:

  • A. Acetaminophen
  • B. Aspirin
  • C. Ibuprofen
  • D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Choice D is correct because acetaminophen (liver risk), aspirin (GI bleeding), and ibuprofen (ulcers, kidney issues) can all cause ADRs if misused, per safety data. Choice A is incorrect alone as it's one risk. Choice B is wrong by itself because aspirin is just part. Choice C is incorrect solo since ibuprofen is only one concern.

Signs that a drug may be counterfeit include:

  • A. Unusual packaging
  • B. Lower than expected cost
  • C. Different taste or texture
  • D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Choice D is correct because unusual packaging (e.g., misspellings), suspiciously low cost (too good to be true), and odd taste/texture (formulation issues) are all counterfeit indicators, per FDA warnings. Choice A is incorrect alone as it's one sign. Choice B is wrong by itself because cost is just part. Choice C is incorrect solo since taste/texture is only one clue.

Strategies to improve adherence to medication regimes include:

  • A. Assuming that the patient understands the directions on the prescription bottle
  • B. Writing instructions at a sixth-grade reading level
  • C. Including a family member in the patient's medication education
  • D. Assuming that the patient's health literacy level is the same as their general literacy
Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Choice C is correct because involving a family member improves adherence by providing support and reinforcing education, especially for complex regimens. Choice A is incorrect as assuming understanding risks miscommunication. Choice B is wrong because sixth-grade level may not suit all patients—tailoring is better. Choice D is incorrect since health literacy often differs from general literacy, requiring specific assessment.

Strategies to prevent drug abuse include:

  • A. Education about risks
  • B. Limiting access to abusable drugs
  • C. Screening for risk factors
  • D. All of the above
Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Choice D is correct because education (awareness), access limits (e.g., PDMPs), and screening (early intervention) all prevent abuse, per public health strategies. Choice A is incorrect alone as it's one method. Choice B is wrong by itself because access is just part. Choice C is incorrect solo since screening is only one approach.