Nokea
A client has a rash on the arm that has been treated with an antibiotic without eradicating the rash. What type of examination using ultraviolet light can be used to determine if the rash is a fungal rash?
- A. Skin biopsy
- B. Fungal culture
- C. Potassium hydroxide test
- D. A Wood light examination
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A Wood light is also known as a black light and is a handheld device that can identify certain fungal infections that fluoresce under long-wave ultraviolet light. In a darkened room, when a physician or nurse aims the light at a lesion caused by a fungus that fluoresces, the lesion emits a blue-green color. It is the only test that uses a light; the others use skin scrapings.
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A client has a wart on the left knee but wants to try an over-the-counter medication to dissolve the wart. What type of solution would the nurse educate the client about?
- A. Antiseborrheic agents
- B. Antihistamine
- C. Antiseptics
- D. Keratolytics
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Keratolytics dissolve thickened, cornified skin such as warts, corns, and calluses. Their action causes the treated area to soften and swell, facilitating removal. Antiseborrheic agents are applied to the scalp or incorporated into shampooing products to control dandruff. Antihistamines are used to relieve itching. An antiseptic would be used to reduce bacteria on the arm.
The nurse observes a client's fingernails have a concave shape. What laboratory studies should the nurse review?
- A. Hemoglobin and hematocrit
- B. Arterial blood gases
- C. BUN and creatinine
- D. Glucose level
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Normal nails appear slightly convex with a 160?° angle between the nail base and the skin. Concave-shaped nails, referred to as 'spooning' because of their characteristic appearance, are a sign of iron-deficiency anemia. ABGs, BUN and creatinine, and glucose levels are not related to this shape of nail.
Which medication classification is prescribed when allergy is a factor causing the skin disorder?
- A. Corticosteroids
- B. Antihistamines
- C. Antibiotics
- D. Local anesthetics
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Antihistamines are frequently prescribed when an allergy is a factor in causing the skin disorder. They relieve itching and shorten the duration of allergic reaction. Corticosteroids are used to relieve inflammatory or allergic symptoms. Antibiotics are used to treat infectious disorders. Local anesthetics are used to relieve minor skin pain and itching.
During a routine checkup, a nurse observes the client's skin to be tight and shiny. Which of the following is the correct indication of this sign?
- A. Sebum deficiency
- B. Fluid retention
- C. Dehydration
- D. Protein deficiency
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tight, shiny skin suggests fluid retention. Loose, dry skin may indicate dehydration. Tight, shiny skin does not suggest protein deficiency or sebum deficiency.
Which of the following pigments influences hair color?
- A. Pheromones
- B. Keratin
- C. Seburin
- D. Melanin
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Melanin, produced by the melanocytes in the hair roots, influences hair color. Pheromones are hormone-like chemicals that communicate reproductive and social information among the lower animal species. Seburin is a lubricant that prevents drying and cracking of the skin and hair. Keratin is a tough protective protein.